Fuel Management Flashcards
(231 cards)
What is the most common fuel in the US?
Gasoline
What types of vehicles use gasoline?
cars, SUVs, RVs, small aircraft, equipment, and generators
What is the difference between unleaded and leaded gasoline?
leaded has tetraethyl lead and is poisonous. Only unleaded is legal now.
What seasonal cycles do the demand for gasoline follow?
Demand is lower in colder months and higher in warmer months.
What process if used to refine crude oil?
simple distillation.
When is gasoline recovered during the refining process?
during the lowest temperatures of refining
What is downstream distillation?
encompasses a variety of highly complex units designed for very different upgrading processes.
Why are additives used in gasoline?
attempt to increase the octane rating
What are the main additives used in gasoline?
oxygenates, antioxidants, antiknock, fuel dyes
What are the most common vehicle emissions caused by gasoline?
hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter
What are the uses of diesel fuel?
trucks, trains, boats, barges, buses etc
What is ultra low Sulphur diesel?
has lower sulfur content than other diesel fuels
Why is USLD valuable in North America?
because the maximum allowable sulfur is 0.05 percent nationwide compared to other nations that may be 10 to 20 times that.
At which point is diesel recovered in the distillation process?
middle temperature (not low like gas) 356 to 716 degrees
What is cetane and how is it measured?
colorless gas that requires a low amount of heat to ignite
Why is water a concern in diesel fuel?
water can make microbes form at the meting point. Once formed, they cause acid formation, rust, corrosion and filter plugging
What can happen to diesel fuel and the equipment that is used in if there is a microbial contamination in the fuel?
acid formation, rust, corrosion and filter plugging
Why are additives used in diesel fuel?
increase mileage, clean injectors and engine deposits, remove water, increase cetene rating
What terms are used to characterize the cold flow properties of diesel fuel?
Cloud point and Cold filter plugging point
What is cloud point of diesel?
temperature at which small crystals are first visually observed
What is cold filter plugging point for diesel?
temperature at which a fuel will cause a fuel filter to plug
How is diesel fuel kept warm in most modern engines?
excess fuel is brought to the engine and warm fuel that has come close to the engine is recycled back to the fuel tank.
What are the leading options to treat diesel in the cold weather?
blend it with kerosene, utilize and additive that enhances cold flow properties, utilize fuel tank, fuel filter or fuel line heaters and store vehicle in building when not in use
How can you find certified retrofitted technologies to reduce diesel emissions?
Go to the EPA or CARB website