full study of bio 20 Flashcards
(24 cards)
2 processes essential for organisms to provide energy
Cellular respiration
Photosynthesis
where does CR occur?
in all living organisms
what cell does CR require to function
mitochondria
organisms that gain energy from other organisms are called
consumers or heterotroph
(means other feeders)
anaerobic environments?
environments with little to no oxygen
bacteria that live in oxygen deprived areas do what to gain energy?
fermentation or anaerbic cellular respiration
what are the byproducts of fermentation
-lactic acid in milk and cheese
-ethanol and CO2 in beer and bread
organisms that produce its own food/ energy are called what?
autotrophs or producers
albedo meaning
a measure of how reflective a surface is
how much sun is absrobed by plants?
1-2%
difference between high and low albedo
high albedo- light colored, reflective surfaces reflect most of the suns light back into the atmosphere
Low albedo- dark surfaces like treetops and water
what is chemosynthesis?
not solar power but chemical power
how can organisms be identified?
hint there are 3
- how they obtain their food and what kind of food they eat
(Ex herbivores carnivores producers) - by the type of food maker/food consumer they are
(producers, primary consumers etc) - the tropic level the organism is on (the first tropic level is ALWAYS a producer)
scientific name of the 5 tropic levels (from bottom to top)
- primary producers
- primary consumers
- secondary consumers
- teritary consumers
- quartermacy
difference between a food chain and a food web
a food web shows much more realistic picture of how energy transfer occurs and contains many of the interrelated food chains
what is the rule of 10?
10% of energy is lost in between every tropic level
where does the lost energy go in between the energy transfers
the organisms lose heat to its environment
feces
body tissue (energy)
what is a pyramid of numbers
- an actual count of the organisms
- doesn’t take into account the size of the organisms
- it can be inverted in the case of alot of consumers (this is because of when there is one producer and lots of consumers EX a tree)
what is a pyramid of biomass
based on the weighing of all the organisms in an ecosystem
it can be inverted for example in the ocean for the phytoplankton. this is because phytoplankton reproduce quickly and get eaten quickly
what is a pyramid of energy?
1.the total amount of energy in each tropic level
2. no it cannot be inverted
biomagnifacation
the amount of a substance in an ecosystem becomes concentrated
bioaccumulation
builds up in one specific groups of organisms
what does PPM mean
parts per million
difference between abiotic and biotic
biotic living parts of an ecosystem like plants and animals
abiotic non living things like rocks and dirt
