FUN5/Membranes

Question 1

know this diagram

Answer 1

Question 2

the plasma membrane is sensitive to ___ changes and ______

Answer 2

pH, something attaching to its receptors

Question 3

label diagram

Answer 3

Question 4

the lipid bilayer is a ________ model

Answer 4

fluid mosaic

Question 5

the types of hydrocarbon tails in the phospholipids affect the _____ of the membrane

Answer 5

fluidity

Question 6

if the phosphate group on a phospholipid is linked/esterified to a serine, it is called a _________

Answer 6

phosphatidylserine

Question 7

if the phosphate group on a phospholipid is linked/esterified to a ethanolamine, it is called a _________

Answer 7

phosphatidylethanolamine

Question 8

if the phosphate group on a phospholipid is linked/esterified to a Choline, it is called a _________

Answer 8

phosphatidylcholine/lecithin

Question 9

if the phosphate group on a phospholipid is linked/esterified to a Inositol, it is called a _________

Answer 9

phosphatidylinositol

Question 10

cell membrane also contains ______lipid _______myelin

Answer 10

sphingo, sphingo

Question 11

what are the functions of membrane proteins? (7)

Answer 11

anchoring, recognition proteins, enzymes, receptors, carrier proteins, leak channels, gated channels

Question 12

what is anchoring?

Answer 12

attach cell membranes to each other or to internal/external structures

Question 13

how are membrane proteins act as recognition proteins/identifiers?

Answer 13

they identify a good cell and prevent attack by the immune system

Question 14

how are membrane proteins act as enzymes?

Answer 14

they catalyse intra/extracellular reactions

Question 15

how are membrane proteins act as receptors

Question 16

how are membrane proteins act as carrier proteins?

Answer 16

the move solutes across membrane, may require ATP

Question 17

how are membrane proteins act as leak channels?

Answer 17

permits continuous movement of water and ions

Question 18

how are membrane proteins act as gated channels?

Answer 18

they open or close to regulate ion movement

Question 19

for integral proteins, either terminus may be ____ or _____ of the cell

Answer 19

inside, outside

Question 20

3 types of integral proteins

Answer 20

single alpha helix, multiple alpha helices, rolled up beta sheet

Question 21

peripheral membrane proteins attach to _____ membrane proteins

Answer 21

integral

Question 22

what are these attachments?

Answer 22

Question 23

solutes move ____ their concentration gradient

Question 24

passive diffusion is _______ driven

Answer 24

entropically driven

Question 25

in passive diffusion, entropy is at a maximum at \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 25

equilibrium

Question 26

does facilitated diffusion use energy?

Answer 26

no

Question 27

active transport is when you move something ________ its conc. grad.

Answer 27

against

Question 28

3 types of active transport

Question 29

primary active, secondary active, group translocation

Question 30

\_\_\_\_\_\_ transport is used for the sodium potassium pump

Question 31

secondary active transport is when a carrier protein moves a specific substance ________ its conc. grad.

Answer 31

against

Question 32

in secondary active transport, the conc. grad. for one substance provides the _____ for the carrier protein

Answer 32

driving force

Question 33

in secondary active transport, the second substance gets a \_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 33

free ride

Question 34

when sodium is exported out of the cell, it creates a low conc. of Na+ inside of the cell. As sodium diffuses back into the cell in an \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, it drives glucose into the cell.

Answer 34

adjacent cotransporter

Question 35

group translocation is when a solute ______ during transport

Answer 35

changes

Question 36

what is an example of group translocation and please explain it.

Answer 36

the phosphotransferase system (PTS). it is the phosphorylation of the sugar as it crosses the membrane.