Functioanalism Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is functionalism in the context of politics and power?
A structural consensus theory viewing society as a complex system of interdependent parts promoting stability and cohesion.
How do functionalists view the role of power in society?
As a necessary mechanism for achieving social order and cohesion.
According to Parsons, how is power distributed across society?
Power is not inherently oppressive but is a resource distributed to enable institutions to function effectively.
What is Robert Dahl’s concept of deformed polyarchy?
The idea that while some groups hold more influence, the system broadly functions to ensure stability and representation.
How does law enforcement contribute to social order according to functionalists?
By ensuring citizens abide by laws, reducing conflict, and promoting safety.
What criticism do Marxists have of the functionalist perspective on power?
They argue that power serves the interests of the ruling class rather than promoting social order for all.
What does Durkheim’s concept of collective conscience emphasize?
The importance of value consensus for social integration.
How do functionalists view the relationship between power and consensus?
Power is used to generate consensus and promote shared values.
What role do schools play in functionalist theory?
They instil shared cultural values and national identity, preparing youth to accept social rules.
What is a key criticism of the functionalist view on consensus?
Conflict theorists argue that consensus often disguises the dominance of powerful groups.
What is the AGIL schema proposed by Parsons?
A framework explaining how institutions maintain stability: Adaptation, Goal attainment, Integration, Latency.
How do feminists critique the functionalist perspective on power in institutions?
They argue that functionalism ignores internal power inequalities, particularly in the family.
What type of authority do functionalists emphasize as the foundation of modern political systems?
Legal-rational authority.
Why are democratic governments considered legitimate in functionalist theory?
Because they are based on rule of law and consent from the governed.
What challenge do postmodernists pose to the concept of legitimacy?
They argue that legitimacy is socially constructed and contested.
What are the main conclusions drawn from functionalist theories of power?
They offer a systematic view of power as a mechanism for social order but overlook inequalities and conflicts.
Functionalism is criticized for being overly simplistic in its explanations of power dynamics. True or False?
True.
