Functional food Lecture 1-5

Question 1

What are Hippocrates quotes?

Answer 1

‘Let food be thy medicine’
‘An apple a day keeps the doctor away’

Question 2

What are the terms related to functional foods?

Answer 2

Nutraceuticals
Pharmaconutrient
Pharmabiotic
Foodiceuticals
Medifoods
Vitafoods
Designer foods
Fortified foods

Question 3

Legislative functional food category in Japan?

Answer 3

FOSHU (Foods For Specified Health Use)

Question 4

3 conditions that define a functional food in Japan

Answer 4

1: It is a food.
2: it can and should be consumed as part of the daily diet.
3: Regulates a particular body process

Question 5

A highly bioactive extract from brown seaweed and its effects?

Answer 5

Fuciodan - Anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, digestive health

Question 6

What is microbe mom?

Answer 6

collaboration between Alimentary Health, Teagasc, UCC, UCD and NIBRT. Investigating the most likely methods of transfer of bifidobacteria strains from mother to baby. Impact of the mothers diet and health on her gut bacteria and what bacteria she transfers to her baby at birth. The impact of specific probiotic supplements on the mothers health

Question 7

Functional foods regulation Europe

Answer 7

EFSA/FSAI

Question 8

Functional foods regulation USA

Answer 8

FDA

Question 9

Eu regulation

Answer 9

food regulation is aimed at protecting consumers health, increasing economic viability, harmonizing well-being and engendering fair trade on foods within and between nations

Question 10

Eu legislation for food claims and labelling

Answer 10

Nutrition and Health Claims Regulation 1924/2006
Food Information to Consumer (FIC) Regulation 1169/2011 on general food labelling

Question 11

What is a Nutrition Claim?

Answer 11

States, suggests or implies that a food has a particular beneficial nutritional properties due to the energy, nutrients or other substances provided, not provided or provided in reduced/increased amounts EX: Low fat

Question 12

What is a health claim?

Answer 12

States, suggests, or implies that a relationship exists between a food category, a food or one of its constituents and health EX: Aids digestion

Question 13

Nutritional Claims images

Answer 13

Pictures on food packaging must not be misleading (strawberry yoghurt that is artificially flavoured and not from fruit and cant have pictures of strawberries on it.

Question 14

Health claims cannot

Answer 14

claim to prevent, treat or cure diseases

Question 15

Health claims 3 main categories:

Answer 15

• Article 13.1 -generic claims
• Article 13.5 -Newly developed scientific evidence
• Article 14 -Claims targeting children and disease risk reduction claims

Question 16

Assessment of health claim EFSA

Answer 16

1. The food/constituent is define and characterised
2. The claimed effect is defined and is a beneficial phsyiological effect
3. A cause and effect relationship is established.

Question 17

US regulation health claims

Answer 17

• Nutrition labelling and education act, 1990
• Dietary supplement health and education act, 1994

Question 18

Unqualified health claims FDA

Answer 18

must be supported by significant scientific agreement (SAA)

Question 19

Qualified health claims

Answer 19

supported by scientific evidence but does not meet the SSA standard

Question 20

Japan health claims regulations

Answer 20

Food with health claims, 2001
1. Food with nutrient function claims
2. Food or specified health uses 1991(functional food)

Question 22

Ordinary FOSHU

Answer 22

Allowed to use labels that inform consumers who ingest the food for specific health purposes that their purpose may be achieved by consuming the product

Question 23

Qualified FOSHU

Answer 23

allow health claims with some conditions (qualified) under the FOSHU system that do not have sufficient scientific evidence.

Question 24

Standardized FOSHU

Answer 24

these are FOSHU for which a license/approval is granted on the basis of compliance with the separately prescribed standards

Question 25

Reduction of diease-risk FOSHU

Answer 25

a FOSHU with a label containing any indication of a reduction of risks of developing certain diseases. calcium and folic acid require this

Question 26

Functional component

Answer 26

functional foods that naturally contain a component that offers additional benefits to the consumer

Question 27

Functional ingredient

Answer 27

functional foods that are processed in which a component is added to the food to give it additional benefits

Question 28

Why is tomatoes a functional food

Answer 28

Contains Lycopene associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer

Question 29

why is citrus a functional food

Answer 29

Contains Flavanone associated with a decreased risk of certain cancers

Question 30

why are soy based foods a functional food

Answer 30

isoflavanone associated with lowering LDL and increasing HDL

Question 31

Why is cranberry a functional food

Answer 31

contains proanthocyanidins which reduces the risk of UTIs

Question 32

Why is fatty fish a functional food

Answer 32

contains omega 3 reduces the risk of CVD

Question 33

why is wholegrain food a functional food

Answer 33

contains fibre reduces risk of CVD and cancer

Question 34

Fortified functional food

Answer 34

The addition of one or more nutrients into a food. Food is fortified with additional nutrients Juice fortified with Vit C

Question 35

Enriched fortified food

Answer 35

The addition of one or more nutrients that were lost during food processing or a food with new added nutrients or components not normally found in a particular food. Margarine with plant sterol ester.

Question 36

Enhanced fortified food

Answer 36

The addition of one or more nutrients into a food by modification or indirect methods. A food which is one of the components has been naturally enhanced through special growing. Eggs enriched with omega 3 through altered chicken feed.

Question 37

Synthetic/ recombinant functional components

Answer 37

Nutrients that are synthesized either through a chemical process or microbial fermentation or both to supplement the essential nutrients with insufficient resources from natural food diets

Question 38

Synthetic vitamins

Answer 38

Coalbumin (Vit B12) Thiamin (Vit B1) Riboflavin Niacin Biotin Folate

Question 39

Functional foods (ingredients) can be classified by:

Answer 39

Traditional (natural)/ Non-traditional Types Applications Health benefits