Functional groups

Question 1

What is a hydroxyl group?

Answer 1

-OH

Question 2

What is the polarity of -OH?

Answer 2

Polar

Question 3

What is the name of -OH compounds?

Answer 3

Alcohols

Question 4

What is a carbonyl group?

Answer 4

> C=O, C double bonded to O with 2 bonds left on the C

Question 5

A carbonyl group in the middle of a carbon chain is an __________ and at the end is a _________.

Answer 5

Aldehyde

Ketone

Question 6

What is a carboxyl group?

Answer 6

-COOH; Carbon double bonded to O, and bonded to an -OH

Question 7

Carboxyl groups as a(n) _________ because?

Answer 7

Acid

The covalent bond between O and H is so polar

Question 8

Is -COOH polar or non-polar?

Answer 8

Polar

Question 9

What is an amino group?

Answer 9

-NH2

Question 10

NH2 acts as a(n) ______ because?

Answer 10

Base

Because it can pick up H+ from the environment

Question 11

Amino groups form what kind of compounds?

Answer 11

Amines

Question 12

What is a sulfhydryl group?

Answer 12

-SH

Question 13

What is the compound group of -SH?

Answer 13

Thiols

Question 14

What do -SH groups do?

Answer 14

“Cross-link” to help stabilize protein structure

Question 15

What is a phosphate group?

Answer 15

-OPO3(2-)

Question 16

Is a phosphate group polar or non polar?

Answer 16

Very polar. If at the end of a chain, -2, in the middle -1. Attracts H2O

Question 17

What is a methyl group?

Answer 17

-CH3

Question 18

What do methyl groups do?

Answer 18

Affect gene expression and shape and function of androgens.