Functional Groups & Definitions

Question 1

Draw Carboxylic Acid & name suffix

Answer 1

-ic Acid

Question 2

Draw a ketone & name suffix

Answer 2

-one

Question 3

Draw an ester & name suffix

Answer 3

-oate

Question 4

Draw an alcohol & name suffix

Answer 4

-ol

Question 5

Draw an amide & name suffix

Answer 5

-ide

Question 6

Draw an aldehyde & name suffix

Answer 6

-al

Question 7

Draw an amine & name suffix

Answer 7

-Amine

Question 8

Draw an ether & name suffix

Answer 8

-ether

Question 9

Define stereochemistry

Answer 9

Arrangement of atoms in 3D space

Question 10

Define substituents

Answer 10

Groups connected to the main chain

Question 11

Define parent chain

Answer 11

Main chain

Question 12

Define unsaturation

Answer 12

Presence of double bonds, triple bonds, or rings. Molecule is no longer saturated in Hydrogen

Question 13

Define functional group

Answer 13

Group after which a compound is named. A group other than C’s and H’s.

Question 14

Define alkane

Answer 14

Molecule with only single bonds

Question 15

Define alkene

Answer 15

Molecule with both double and single bonds

Question 16

Define stereoisomers

Answer 16

Molecules with the same molecular formula and connections, but have different spatial arrangements

Question 17

Define cis. Is it Z or E

Answer 17

same side. It is a Z-config

Question 18

Define trans. Is it Z or E

Answer 18

different sides. It is an E-config

Question 19

Define alkyne

Answer 19

Molecules with a triple bond

Question 20

Define a steric interaction

Answer 20

Repulsion occurring when atoms are in each other’s spaces.

Question 21

Define a stereocenter. What is another name for it?

Answer 21

A carbon connected to 4 different groups. AKA chiral center

Question 22

Define enantiomer

Answer 22

a stereoisomer with 2 molecules that are mirror images, but are not superimposable (can’t overlay them).

Question 23

Which way is an R-config?

Answer 23

clockwise

Question 24

Which way is an S-config?

Answer 24

counterclockwise

Question 25

Define diastereomer

Answer 25

Molecules with the same stereocenter that are not mirror images and not superimposable

Question 26

How can identical molecules look different?

Answer 26

chair flips, single bond movements. It is the SAME MOLECULE in different conformations.

Question 27

Define meso

Answer 27

A compound with stereocenters AND the overall compound has symmetry.

Question 28

Which type of compounds (chiral vs achiral) will/won't rotate their plane when in the presence of polarized light? Why?

Answer 28

Chiral - will rotate plane due to no internal plane of symmetry Achiral - will NOT rotate plane due to symmetry within molecule.

Question 29

Racemic mixture

Answer 29

A 50% R-config / 50% S-config mixture, resulting in the molecule not rotating light.