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Pathology > Functional histology and structure of epithelium > Flashcards

Functional histology and structure of epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 primitive germ layers formed during gastrulation?

A

Endoderm (inner), mesoderm (middle), ectoderm (outer)

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2
Q

How long after embryo formation does gastrulation occur?

A

~15 days

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3
Q

What is functional histology?

A

Study of tissue adaptation to function

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4
Q

Which layers are epithelial cells derived from?

A

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

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5
Q

Which 2 molecules join individual epithelial cells together in the epithelium?

A

Sticky adhesion molecules, junctional complexes

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6
Q

What layer do epithelial and endothelial cells grow on?

A

Basement membrane

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7
Q

What is the function of epithelial cells lining the GI tract?

A

Absorption

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8
Q

What is the function of epithelial cells in the kidney?

A

Excretion

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9
Q

What is the function of epithelial cells that line alveolar walls?

A

Gas exchange

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10
Q

What is the function of epithelial cells that line glands?

A

Secretion

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11
Q

What are the 6 functions of epithelium?

A

Gas exchange, secretion, excretion, absorption, surface transport, protection

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12
Q

What is the function of epithelium in skin epidermis?

A

Protection

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13
Q

What is the function of epithelium lining airways?

A

Surface transport (of foreign materials inhaled)

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14
Q

What is the difference between simple and stratified epithelium?

A

Simple epithelium has one layer of epithelial cells which are all anchored to the basement membrane

Stratified epithelium has multiple layers, so not all epithelial cells are anchored to the basement membrane

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15
Q

What is the structure of cells in stratified squamous epithelium?

A

multiple layers of ordered, flattened cells

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16
Q

What is the structure of cells in stratified columnar epithelium?

A

multiple layers of ordered, long cells

17
Q

What is the structure of cells in stratified cuboidal epithelium?

A

multiple layers of ordered, square cells

18
Q

What is meant by pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

A

Gives impression that there are multiple layers, but there is only one true layer as all epithelial cells are anchored to the basement membrane

19
Q

What is the structure of cells in transitional epithelium?

A

multiple layers of differently-shaped, disordered, round cells

20
Q

What other cell type is present in transitional epithelium

A

Umbrella cells on surface

21
Q

What cell type composes the simple epithelium of visceral pleura covering lungs?

A

Mesothelial cells

22
Q

What is the function of mesothelial cells in the visceral pleura?

A

Secrete watery serous fluid that lubricates lungs when they expand in respiration

Pathology (17 decks)

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