Functionalism Inequality Flashcards
(11 cards)
How does inequality act as an incentive?
Functionalists argue inequality is beneficial as it motivates people to work hard. Rewards like wealth and status encourage effort, which helps society run effectively.
What role does meritocracy play in justifying inequality?
In a meritocracy, success is based on effort and ability. Inequality reflects fair rewards — those who contribute more get more, helping society function smoothly.
What is the ‘function of poverty’?
Poverty serves key roles: the poor do unwanted jobs, act as a warning to others, and make the rest feel better for helping. This maintains motivation and social order.
How does ‘survival of the fittest’ explain inequality?
Like in nature, society rewards the strongest. The most capable rise to top roles, while the weak/poor act as a lesson, pushing others to succeed.
How does inequality help maintain order and stability in society?
Functionalists argue that inequality maintains stability by ensuring people are sorted into roles through stratification, keeping society organised and efficient.
How does stratification justify inequality?
Stratification means society is ranked into layers. Higher positions hold functional importance and get better rewards, encouraging people to compete and work hard.
What is role allocation and why is it important?
Role allocation is how people are assigned jobs based on ability. It ensures important roles go to the most capable, helping meet society’s functional needs.
How do Davis & Moore link stratification to education?
Davis & Moore say education ‘sifts and sorts’ people. High achievers go to important, high-paid roles, proving stratification benefits society by allocating talent.
What do Davis & Moore argue about social inequality?
Davis & Moore argue that social inequality is functional — it ensures the most important roles in society are filled by the most talented individuals.
Why does inequality highlight functional importance?
Inequality shows which roles are most valued, as these offer the highest rewards. This motivates individuals to train, compete, and strive for these roles, benefiting society.
What is an example of functional inequality in society?
For example, doctors receive high pay and status because their role is crucial to society. The greater the reward, the more incentive people have to pursue that path.
