functionalism view on crime

Question 1

what type of view is functionalism

Answer 1

a consensus agreement view

Question 2

key summary of functionalism on crime

Answer 2

• agree criminal justice system is to maintain social order
• positive outlook on crime
• look at things through rose tinted glasses

Question 3

what does durkheim argue (point one)

Answer 3

crime is inevitable and universal

Question 4

what does inevitable mean

Answer 4

it will always happen no matter what action is taken

Question 5

what does universal mean

Answer 5

it happens everywhere

Question 6

a02 to crime is universal and inevitable for rapid social change

Answer 6

multiculturalism changes industry and job opportunities and globalisation. means exposed to new information, ideas , norms and values. this causes crimes of resistance such as protests in order to create legislation and long term change within society

Question 7

a02 to crime is inevitable and universal cultural diversity

Answer 7

members in society have a range of norms and values. this poses a threat to the collective conscience created within society leads to hate crimes or crimes of radicalisation (brainwashing young children)

Question 8

a03 to crime is universal and inevitable

Answer 8

society has built laws against these

Question 9

a03 example to crime is universal and inevitable

Answer 9

other countries deal better with crime than the uk. in 2021 crime rate in Iceland was 0. 3% per 100,000 people but in uk it was 49.01%

Question 10

durkheims second point

Answer 10

the positive functions of crime

Question 11

a01 to positive functions of crime

Answer 11

crime can sometimes act as a force for progressive social change

Question 12

a02 for positive functions of crime

Answer 12

crimes committed can be the root cause of improving state and preventing widespread anomie. from crime legislative change and collective conscience can be established

Question 13

a02 case study for positive functions of crime

Answer 13

civil rights movement - lobbying and freedom riders helped fight against discrimination
suffregts- fought of woman’s right to vote

Question 14

a03 to positive functions of crime

Answer 14

can be seen to create widespread anomie. caused regressive social change by making members of the suffregts feel marginalised and scapegoated within society giving them a bad reputation

Question 15

reaffirming social boundaries a01 (durkheim)

Answer 15

crime reminds society right from wrong

Question 16

a02 for reaffirming social boundaries

Answer 16

agents of control such as the criminal justice system and institutions such as the media combined with minority groups committing crimes offenders face full force of criminal justice system. the media draws attention to offenders and publishes these crime statistics drawing attention to the offenders

Question 17

a03 of reaffirming social boundaries

Answer 17

many people still commit crimes even thought they are exposed to the criminal justice system showing that just because there is consequences downs mean people still don’t commit crime

Question 18

a01 of warning signs (Durkheim)

Answer 18

both crime and acts of deviance act as a warning sign that social disorder is about to unfold and that society is about to enter a state of anomie

Question 19

a02 to warning signs

Answer 19

acts of crime and deviance act as an indication that there is a bigger problem within society whereby agents of control need to step up and assert control before a state of anomie is entered

Question 20

a02 case study to warning signs

Answer 20

Leeds riots and southport stabbing increased hate crime due to false understanding

Question 21

a03 to warning signs

Answer 21

crimes that cause animi still happen as people are unaware of the fact that there are warning signs and therefor ignore them. feminists would argue that crimes against woman get ignored and therefore they are further subjected to more abuse and regressive social change

Question 22

a01 to Hirshi bonds of attachment

Answer 22

he suggests that members of society have bonds due to : attachment, commitment, beliefs and involvement so when someone possesses these bonds they are less likely to commit a crime

Question 23

a02 bonds of attachment (attachment)

Answer 23

when people have a close bond with someone they are less likely to commit crimes out of fear of changing peoples opinions on you

Question 24

a02 bonds of attachment (commitment)

Answer 24

when people in the family or the workplace have role they have to fulfil 24/7 therefore are bonded to that commitment and don’t have the time to commit crime

Question 25

a02 bonds of attachment ( involvement)

Answer 25

when people are busy with children they are busy maintaining bonds and therefor don't have time to commit crimes or acts of deviance

Question 26

a03 to bonds of attachment (belief)

Answer 26

religion gives people rules to follow which prevents an individual committing crimes and these religious norms and values that do so are upheld

Question 27

a03 to bonds of attachment

Answer 27

crimes still are committed when these bonds are formed. these bonds may even be the reason people commit crimes(like avenging a family member). creates amore inviting space for crimes such as dv and as dobash and dobash argue the dark side of the family and the bonds that tie woman to the family are also what make her more likely to become a victim. bonds due to beliefs have led to the rise of fundamentalism

Question 28

merton - a consensus view ( functionalist and interactionalist)

Answer 28

crimes are outcomes of cultural values and goals

Question 29

a01 to merton strain theory

Answer 29

within society there is a cultural value of maintaining a high status job and living a financially stable life and applies the concept of the American dream to this and explores how people respond to this

Question 30

a02 of merton ritualism

Answer 30

when an individual rejects societal goals but continues to follow the prescribed means of achieving them (more humble)

Question 31

a02 of merton conformity

Answer 31

when an individual accepts the goals o society and the means of achieving them

Question 32

a02 to strain theory innovation

Answer 32

when individuals accept societal goals but rejects the means of obtaining them and uses unconventional means i.e. drugs

Question 33

a02 to strain theory retreatism

Answer 33

to reject cultural goals and the means of obtaining them - finding ways to escape them sometimes with drugs and alcohol

Question 34

a02 to strain theory rebellion

Answer 34

to reject cultural goals and the means of obtaining them and then work to replace them

Question 35

a03 to strain theory

Answer 35

only really applies to America