functionalist theories of crime

Question 1

why does Durkheim argue crime is inevitable

Answer 1

society is made up of diverse individuals with different values
complete conformity is impossible
crime performs positive functions: boundary maintenance, adaption & change, social solidarity, and acting as a safety valve

Question 2

criticisms of Durkheim

Answer 2

he doesn’t explain why individuals commit crime; not all crime is functional- ignores victim experiences

Question 3

Merton’s strain theory

Answer 3

people experience strain between culturally approved goals (wealth) and lack of legitimate means
adaptations include conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism, and rebellion

Question 4

evaluation of strain theory

Answer 4

ignores group crime
doesn’t explain non-utilitarian crime, assumes shared goals and overlooks the role of power in defining crime