Fundamental Concepts

Question 1

what is ther-ex?

Answer 1

the influence on physical function

Question 2

movement system x6

Answer 2

core of PT, all systems interact together
- endocrine, nervous, cardio, pulmonary, integumentary, & musculoskeletal

Question 3

components of physical function x6

Answer 3

muscle performance
cardiopulmonary endurance
mobility/flexibility
neuromuscular control/coordination
stability
balance/postural equilibrium

Question 4

movement system practitioner x4

Answer 4

understand movement system
assess movement dysfunction
identify impairment
intervene a program to help imairment

Question 5

balance

Answer 5

ability to align body segments against gravity to maintain/move body within available BOS w/o falling

Question 6

cardiopulmonary endurance

Answer 6

ability to perform moderate-intensity, repetitive, total body movements over extended period

Question 7

flexibility

Answer 7

ability to move freely w/o restriction

Question 8

mobility

Answer 8

ability of structures of body to move/be moved to achieve ROM needed for functional activities

Question 9

muscle performance

Answer 9

capasity of muscle to produce tension & do physical work

Question 10

neuromuscular control

Answer 10

interaction of sensory/motor systems to work in correct sequence/magnitude to create coordinated movement

Question 11

stability

Answer 11

ability of NM system to hold a body segment in a stationary position

Question 12

postural control

Answer 12

static/dynamic balance

Question 13

WHO is ther-ex for?

Answer 13

people w/ movement dysfunction

Question 14

WHAT is ther-ex for?

Answer 14

the systemic, planned performance, of physical movements, postures, or activities
- INDIVIDUALIZED for each persons needs

Question 15

WHY is the-ex used?

Answer 15

remediate/prevent impairment
enhance activity & participation
reduce risk
optimize overall health
improve fitness/wellbeing

Question 16

types of ther-ex x6

Answer 16

aerobic conditioning & reconditioning
ROM exercises
stretching techniques
muscle performance exercises
relaxation techniques
balance & agility training

Question 17

exercise safety x6

Answer 17

PMH
current health status
meds
clinic environment
exercise techniques
proper body mechanics!

Question 18

disablement

Answer 18

acute conditions + chronic conditions = compromised basic human performance

Question 19

common MSK impairments managed w ther-ex x7

Answer 19

pain
mm weakness/reduces torque production
decreased muscular endurance
limited ROM
joint hypermobility/hypomobility
faulty pastures
muscle length/strength inbalances

Question 20

common NM impairments managed with ther-ex x6

Answer 20

pain
impaired balance, control, or stability
incoordination, faulty timing
delayed motor development
abnormal tone
ineffective/inefficient functional movement strategies

Question 21

cardiopulmonary impairments managed with ther-ex x3

Answer 21

decreased aerobic capacity
impaired circulation (lymph, venous, arterial)
pain w sustained physical activity (claudication)

Question 22

integumentary impairment managed with ther-ex

Answer 22

skin hypomobility (immobile or adherent scarring)

Question 23

categories of intervention x7

Answer 23

pt/client instruction
airway clearance
assistive technology
biophysical agents
functional training
integ. repair & protection techniques
manual therapy
motor function training
therapeutic exercise

Question 23

ability of the patient to successfully manage a given load based on their current level of ability, impairments, & overall health

Answer 23

tolerance

Question 23

variables that can be manipulated to create a therapeutic environment - mode - intensity - volume - frequency - duration

Answer 23

load

Question 23

The amount and type of physical stresses applied to specific tissues will result in predictable changes to that tissue

Answer 23

physical stress theory (PST)

Question 24

volume - resistance - reps/sets - length of hold

Answer 24

dose

Question 25

resistance type - body weight - manual - weights stretch type - passive - dynamic

Answer 25

mode

Question 25

slow, medium, fast ballistic isokinetic

Answer 25

speed

Question 26

eccentric isometric concentric

Answer 26

contraction type

Question 26

gravity eliminated supported/unsupported open/closed chain

Answer 26

patient position

Question 26

factors that influence adherence to an exercise program

Answer 26

patient-related health condition program-related

Question 27

autonomous motor learning

Answer 27

automatic paying less attention multitasking adapts to changes

Question 27

strategies of Autonomous Motor Learning x2

Answer 27

minimal feedback discharge

Question 27

variables that influence motor learning x3

Answer 27

pre-practice considerations practice feedback

Question 27

KOP

Answer 27

feedback about nature/quality of performance

Question 27

pre-practice considerations x4

Answer 27

patient understanding/interest attention demonstration pre-practice verbal instructions

Question 27

types of practice x7

Answer 27

part practice whole practice blocked-order practice random-order practice random/blocked order practice physical practice mental practice

Question 27

types of feedback x4

Answer 27

knowledge of performance knowledge of results intrinsic augmented (extrinsic)

Question 27

intrinsic feedback

Answer 27

from sensory system - not therapist immediately following or during task proprioceptive, kinesthetic, tactile, visual, or auditory cues

Question 27

KOR

Answer 27

feedback on outcome of a motor task

Question 27

augmented (extrinsic)

Answer 27

sensory cues from PTA/PT feedback during or at conclusion of task verbal/tactile

Question 27

feedback schedules x6

Answer 27

concurrent immediate/post-response delayed summary constant variable

Question 28

types of motor tasks x3

Answer 28

discrete serial continuous

Question 29

discrete motor learning

Answer 29

Recognizable beginning and end - Quad set - Grasping object - Locking wheelchair

Question 30

serial motor learning

Answer 30

Series of discrete movements combined in a particular sequence - Self-feeding - Transfers - Log roll technique

Question 31

continuous motor tasks

Answer 31

Repetitive, uninterrupted movements with no distinct beginning/end - Walking - Cycling - Stair climbing

Question 32

progression of motor tasks x4

Answer 32

environment body position intertrial environment variability manipulation of objects

Question 33

stages of motor learning x3

Answer 33

cognitive associative autonomous

Question 34

cognitive learning

Answer 34

Goal or purpose Requirements of task Getting the “feel” Errors common Strategies: - Minimize distractions - Frequent feedback

Question 35

associative motor learning

Answer 35

Infrequent errors Fine-tuning Consistency/ efficiency Exploring variations Strategies: - Infrequent feedback - Different conditions

Question 36

autonomous learning

Answer 36

Automatic Paying less attention Multitasking Adapts to changes Strategies: - Minimal to no feedback - Discharge