Fundus Flashcards
What species is this fundus from?
Normal feline fundus
Atapetal. No choroidal pigment
Choroidal vessels visible
Hypopigmented animals
What species is this fundus from?
Normal Feline Fundus
3 major venules: leave the disk edge with 3 major artegment in choroid
What species is this fundus from?
Normal Canine Fundus
usually 3 or 5 major venules
Cross the disc edge
Form a circle on the optic disc surface
What species is this fundus from?
Normal Canine fundus
What species is this fundus from?
Normal Equine fundus
30-60 small blood vessels extend a short distance from the disk edge
Oval, pink optic disc in the non tapetum
“Stars of winslow” end on capillaries in tapetum (small dark dots)
What species is this fundus from?
Rabbit
What species is this fundus from?
Normal Avian Fundus
Is this hypo or hyperreflectivity?
Hyperreflectivity
Is this hypo or hyperreflectivity?
Hyporeflectivity
consistent with an edematous/infiltrated retina
What abnormalities are these images an example of?
retinal dysplasia
What is the lesion the arrow on the left is indicating to?
Coloboma- congenital defect/absence of tissue
What is the lesion indicated in this picture?
Optic Nerve hypoplasia- small optic nerve head with visual deficits.
The miniature poodle is predisposed.
What is progressive retinal atrophy
Autosomal recessive hereditary disease, where there is a progressive loss of rods and then cones.
This is an irreversible change with no treatment.
Secondary cataracts are common
What is hypertensive Chorioretinopathy?
Patients often present for acute blindness. Dilated and unresponsive pupils. Retinal detachment with retinal and vitreal hemorrhages.
What treatments are recommended in hypertensive chorioretinopathy
identify and treat the underlying cause
Calcium channel blockers- amlodipine +/- ACE inhibitors
What are the lesions indicated in these images?
May be total or subtotal. Most common Ddx: hypertensive chorioretinopathy, chorioretinitis, congenital lesions, post-intraocular surgery
How will treatment of Taurine retinopathy affect the outcome of the case?
If the deficiency is corrected, disease progression will be prevented, but not reversed.
At what dose is Enrofloxacin contraindicated?
>5mg/kg PO SID
Causes retinal degeneration- dilated pupils are the first CS.
Potentially use a “blackout” treatment
what is an alternative medication to use instead of enrofloxacin?
Pradofloxacin
Ivermectin toxicity ocular impact
Causes an acute blindness + pupil changes + neuro signs.
Fundic changes: retinal folds + edema
Blindness is usually transient and can be reversible once the ivermectin is removed from their system .
what are causes of Chorioretinitis?
Infectious, neoplastic, immune-mediated/inflammatory causes- uveitis lectures
how do you treat Chorioretinitis?
Treat underlying cause
Symptomatic treatment of the chorioretinal inflammation (systemic anti-inflammatory medication)
What condition are these hyporeactive lesions associated with
Chorioretinitis.
What is the common signalment of Sudden Acquired Retinal Degeneration syndrome SARDS?
Fat, Five, Female
