Fungal properites Flashcards
(13 cards)
How are fungi different to bacteria?
Eukaryotic
Saprophytic
Produce sproes
membrane bounbd nucleus
Cell wall
Has DNA rather than RNA
What are the types of disease fungi cause?
Mycoses
Mycotoxicoses
Allergies
What are allergies? eg
Sensitisation to spores spread by fungi, leads to
RHINITIS
DERMATITIS
ASTHMA
Aspergillus
What are mycotoxicoses?
Toxic reaction caused by inhalation of MYCOTOXIN
MYCOTOXIN is secondary metabolite of mould
Aflatoxin
Psilocybin
What are mycoses?
Fungal infections characterised by penetrance
Superficial
Cutaneous
SystemicDeep
Give an example of a superficial mycoses and what it is
Superficial, no living tissue penetrated, no cellular response
Dandruff - malassezia globosa
Give an example of a cutaneous mycoses
Dermatophytes produce enzymes that hydrolyse keratin
Leads to inflammatory resposne to metabolic by-products
Candida albicans
What are cutaneous mycoses known as?
Dermatomycoses, - tinea pedis etc
Give an example of a subcutaneous mycoses
Chroinc localised infection of skin after traumatic implantation of aetiologic agent
Mycetoma - combat, wounds etc
Exist as primary or opportunistic - primary can do bits in healthy but opportunistic require compromised host
What is a characteristic of Candida infections
Candida albicans is an opportunistic commensal, occurs in superificial and deep skin - systemic seen but not in helathy individuals
- risk factors include
- catheter
- gut surgery
- chemotherapy
How are fungal infections diagnosed?
Sample acquisition
- Skin, sputum, blood, swabs etc
Microscopy
- seeing is believing,m quic jkand heao
Culture
- grow and see what it is and what affects it but is slow, needs skill
Non culture
- PCR
- Detect various carbs etc that belong to it
What do antifungal drugs target?
Cell membrane - ERGOSTEROL prodn
DNA synthesis - stop it
cell wall - Beta-glucan synthesis
Give exams of antifungal drugs
CM - Polyene, azole
DNA - pyrminidine analogues
Cell wall - echinocandin
