fungi notes Flashcards
(25 cards)
what are the three types of fungi
Zygomycota
Ascomycota
Basidiomycota
what are fungi
a large group of organisms that can be unicellular or humungous
what are fungi cell walls made of
chitin and polysaccharides
how do fungi reproduce
sexually and asexually
why kind of feeders are fungi
heterotrophs
what are heterotrophs
can photosynthesis but can’t use co2 or find n2
what are the three types of heterotrophs
saprophytes nutrients from dead
necrophytes (like saphrophytes but they kill)
biotrophs- nutrients from a living host
why are fungi good heterotrophs
as they can use a large range of organic carbon sources and can produce a lot of molecules with a good source of carbon and nitrogen.
what are some differences between plants and fungi
plants photosynthesise fungi secrete enzymes for food fungi filametous plants are box like plants are cellulose, fungi are filamentous
where does mitosis in fungi occur
nucleus
what are yeasts
oval shaped single celled organisms
how does yeast reproduce
produces identical daughter cells through asexual reproduction
what can yeast form
a pseudo hypae
what are filamentous fungi
this type makes up the vast majority of fungi, multicellular and produces long thread like hyphae
how do filamentous fungi reproduce
via spores
they can colonise food rapidly. These spores are haploid and are formed from specialised extensions from mycelia.
what is a large colony of filamentous fungi called
a mycelium
what are dimorphic yeasts and fungi
can swap between yeast and filamentous forms due to changes in temp or co2
sexual reproduction in fungi
It’s the union of compatible cells to form diploid cells when nutrients are in poor supply. Sexual spores are harder structures which allow better survival in adverse conditions.
what are the two types of heterothallism
exchange of genetic info between two mating types + and -.`
what is homothallism
self fertilisation and production of sexual spores
what are the types of sexual reproduction in fungi
haploid (n) (fuse to make one new cell)
dikaryon (n+n)(one cell, two haploid nucei of different strains) not fused just associated
diploid (2n)
how do zygomcetes reproduce
asexually and sexually
how do ascomycetes reproduce
asexually and sexually
how do basidiomycetes reproduce
ONLY asexual reproduction
