Future time Flashcards by Martin Schmidli

When do we use future “will”

Spontaneous decisions: I’m afraid the line is busy. Don’t worry I will call back later.

Predictions and state facts in the future: Over the next year, there will be a massive increase in TV channels, because of the growth in cable, broadband and satellite services.

Promises: I won’t be late again. I will be ready in two minutes.

Offers: The finance group 33i will loan us £ 5m for the project.

Requests: Will anyone collect you from the airport?

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When do we use “be going to”?

Predictions based on present evidence: Look at the wall. It looks as if it is going to fall.

Intentions: I’ going to get my degree, then get a well-paid job.

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She has just looked out of the window. The sky is blue – it … rain. So Mrs Lucky ….. her umbrella at home.

She has just looked out of the window. The sky is blue – it is not going to rain. So Mrs Lucky is going to leave her umbrella at home.

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Mrs Lucky ….. meet a friend in town.

Mrs Lucky is going to meet a friend in town.

Predictions based on present evidence

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be going to

I ….. speak. (positive)

I ….. speak. (negative)

…… speak? (question)

I am going to speak. (positive)

I am not going to speak. (negative)

Am I going to speak? (question)

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“will” or “be going to”

01- Have you got any plans for tomorrow?
- Yes, I …… visit my grandparents.

02- Why is she learning Spanish?
- She …… travel to Spain.

01- Have you got any plans for tomorrow?
- Yes, I am going to visit my grandparents. (Intention)

02- Why is she learning Spanish?
- She is going to travel to Spain. (Intention)

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Present simple

When do we use present simple?

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The plane ….. at 18.00 tomorrow. (arrive)

She …. a yoga class tomorrow morning. (have)

The plane arrives at 18.00 tomorrow.

She has a yoga class tomorrow morning.

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Next Thursday at 14.00 there …. an English exam. (be)

The plane …. in ten minutes. (leave)

Next Thursday at 14.00 there is an English exam.

The plane leaves in ten minutes.

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Future perfect simple

When do we use future perfect simple?

It looks as if Jake will have lost his job by the end of the week.

This time next month, I’ll have worked at the company for exactly 25 years.

Completed situations before a certain time:
It looks as if Jake will have lost his job by the end of the week.

Continuing situations up to a certain time:

This time next month, I’ll have worked at the company for exactly 25 years.

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To arrive (future perfect)

a. Bejahend
b. Verneinend
c. Frage
d. Verneinende Frage

a. Bejahend: I will have arrived
b. Verneinend: I won’t have arrived
c. Frage: Will you have arrived?
d. Verneinende Frage: Won’t you have arrived?

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I …… here for six months on June 23rd.

I will have been here for six months on June 23rd.

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By the time you read this I ….. (leave).

By the time you read this I will have left.

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You ….. your report by this time next week. (finish)

You will have finished your report by this time next week.

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Won’t they …. ….. by 5:00?

Won’t they have arrived by 5:00?

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How do we form future perfect simple?

We use will/shall + have + the -ed form of the verb.

We use shall only for future time reference with I and we. Shall is more formal than will.

I will have worked. I will not have worked.

I shall have worked. I shall not have worked.

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Do you think she…. …. …. the doctor by four o’clock?

Next month my parents …. ….. …. together for thirty years.

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Do you think she’ll have seen the doctor by four o’clock?

Next month my parents will have been together for thirty years.

Next month I …… for the company for six years. (work)

I think they…… there by six o’clock. (get)

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Next month I will have worked for the company for six years.

I think they’ll have got there by six o’clock.

How de we form the future perfect continuous form?

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We use will/shall + have + been + the -ing form of the verb.

We use shall only for future time reference with I and we. Shall is more formal and less common than will.

I will have been working

I shall have been working.

I will not have been working.

I shall not have been working.

When do we use future perfect continuous?

This time next month, I’ll have been working at the company for exactly 25 years.

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Emphasising the length of an event at a time in the future

We use the future perfect continuous form when we are looking back to the past from a point in the future and we want to emphasise the length or duration of an activity or event:

This time next month, I‘ll have been working at the company for exactly 25 years.

In September the head teacher …. … … … at the school for 20 years. (teach).

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In September the head teacher will have been teaching at the school for 20 years.

Future perfect continuous: use*
Emphasising the length of an event at a time in the future*

In September, she ….. in France for a year. (live)

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In September, she will have been living in France for a year.

I ….. English for three years by the end of this course. (study)

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I will have been studying English for three years by the end of this course.

How do we form future continuous?

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Future continuous: form

We use will/shall + be + the -ing form of the verb.

I will be working.

I shall be working.

I won’t be working.

I shall not be working.

When do we use future continuous form?

Future continuous: use We use the future continuous to refer to _temporary actions and events that will be in progress at a particular time in the future:_ This time next week, I**’ll be taking photographs** with my new camera.

I’ll post your letter for you. I’..... a post-box. (pass)

I’ll post your letter for you. I’**ll be passing** a post-box. ## Footnote * Future continuous: use* * We use the future continuous to refer to temporary actions and events that will be in progress at a particular time in the future:*

Next week they .... to Australia from Saudi Arabia. (fly) She ... on Tuesday. (not working)

Next week they **will be flying** to Australia from Saudi Arabia. She **will not be working** on Tuesday.

Unfortunately we ... the wedding. (not attend)

Unfortunately we **won’t be attending** the wedding.

What we do not use after words and phrases such as when, while, once, as soon as, ...

We do not use will or be going to.

I'll give you a pay rise when you .... working harder! (start)

I'll give you a pay rise when you **start** working harder! (start)

I'll give you a pay rise once you ..... three new customes a week. (bring)

I'll give you a pay rise once you **are bringing in** three new customes a week.

I'll give you a pay rise as soon as you ... you're a hard worker. (prove)

I'll give you a pay rise as soon as you **have proved** you're a hard worker. (prove)

I won't give you a pay rise until you ... here for three years.

I won't give you a pay rise until you have been working here for three years.

The bell will ring and then you can all go home. You can go home when....

You can go home _when_ the bill **rings / has rung**.

Ahmed will aks the questions and I'll take the notes. I'll take the notes while ....

I'll take the notes _while_ Ahmed **asks the questions / is asking** the questions.

You're a trainee for three months and then you become a junior employee. You become a junior employee once....

You become a junior employee _once_ you **have been a trainee** for three months.

The sales figures will come in and then we we'll assess the situation again. We'll assess the situation again as ....

We'll assess the situation again _as soon as_ the sales figures **come** in.

Work for us for over a year and we'll consider promoting you. We'll only consider promoting you once...

We'll only consider promoting you _once_ you **have worked** for us for over a year / you **have been working** for us for over a year.

The publishing company will offer me a contract and then I'll know for sure that they're going to publish the book. I'll know for sure that the book is going to be publishes when I ....

The publishing company will offer me a contract and then I'll know for sure that they're going to publish the book. I'll know for sure that the book is going to be publishes _when_ I am offered / have been offered a contract by the publishing company.

Future in the past. OPEN Then: I think the factory .... in September. Now: I thought the factory .... in September.

Future in the past. OPEN Then: I think the factory **will open** in September. Now: I thought the factory **would open** in September. will \> would

Future in the past. LEAVE Then: I'm in a rush because the train .... at 4. Now: I was in a rush because the train ... at 4.

Future in the past. LEAVE Then: I'm in a rush because the train **leaves** at 4. Now: I was in a rush because the train **left** at 4.

Future time Flashcards

(41 cards)