Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psych 290 > G & psych tests > Flashcards

G & psych tests Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are responses on a test?

A

A sample of behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two main types of test?

A
  • personality

- mental ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 3 subcategories of mental ability tests?

A
  • intelligence
  • Aptitude
  • Achievement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is reliability?

A

The measurement of consistency of a test

  • scores between two administrations of a test, re-test
  • uses correlation coefficient
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is validity?

A

The ability of a test to measure what it was designed to measure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 main types of validity?

A
  • content validity: representative of domain it’s supposed to cover
  • criterion-related validity: correlation bw scores on test with independent criterion
  • construct validity: degree that a test measures a hypothetical construct
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What were Wechsler’s 2 innovative characteristics of his IQ tests?

A
  • scales less dependent on verbal ability (separated into verbal, non-verbal and total
  • applied normal distribution instead of IQ
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is factor analysis?

A

correlations among many variables are analyzed to identify closely related clusters of variables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the factor analysis assumption?

A

That if a number of variables correlate highly with one another then a single factor is influencing all of them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the factor analysis conclusion re intelligence?

A

That all cognitive abilities share an important core factor, g.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is g?

A

General mental ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How was it suggested that g be divided in order to make it more useful for diagnosing disabilities and children’s learning potential?

A

Fluid intelligence & crystalized intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is fluid intelligence?

A
  • reasoning ability, memory capacity and speed of info processing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is crystallized intelligence?

A
  • ability to apply acquired knowledge and skills in problem solving
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are current IQ tests based on?

A

A hierarchical model that subdivides g into 10-15 specific abilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the curios paradox of intelligence?

A

Researchers and theorists prefer g while clinicians and educators prefer SAT/specific abilities tradition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are deviation IQ scores?

A

Scores that locate subjects within the normal distribution using the standard deviation as unit of measurement
- can be converted into percentile scores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the IQ score mean on modern tests and what is the standard deviation?

A

100 is the mean, 15 is the sd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the biggest advantage of deviation IQ scores?

A

They can always be translated into exactly the same percentile score regardless of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Are IQ tests reliable and what is the correlation?

A

Yes, 0.90

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What can cause IQ scores to be misleading?

A
  • low motivation
  • high anxiety
  • sample behaviour if not representative
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Are IQ test valid?

A

For the kind of intelligence necessary to do academic work but questionable in the broader sense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the validity for academic performance?

A

0.4-0.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is Sternberg’s view of the of the components of intelligence?

A

3: - verbal
- practical
- social

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
When to IQ scores stabilize?
between ages 7-10 and stable through adulthood
26
Do IQ tests predict vocational success?
Correlation between high score and high-status job | - intelligence fosters vocational success but relationship is modest
27
What is correlation bw IQ and job performance?
0. 5 | - varies depending on complexity of the job and uncertain is sufficient for job selection
28
What is a better predictor of job performance: mental ability and personality, or intelligence?
Intelligence
29
What is the general standard deviation for intellectual disability?
-1-2 from the norm
30
What is necessary for intellectual disability aside from lower IQ scores?
Deficiencies in mental ability
31
What is the general percentage of intellectually disabled population?
1 -3%
32
What percentage of intellectually disabled people have a mild disability?
85%, IQ of 51-70
33
What conditions are the origins of disability?
- Down's syndrome: extra chromosome - Fragile x syndrome: FRM1 gene mutation - Phenylketonuria: metabolic disorder - Hydrocephaly: excess cerebrospinal fluid
34
What is a savant?
Someone with lower than average IQ that demonstrates superior abilities
35
What is the difference between moderately and profoundly gifted?
- moderately = 130-150 IQ, good social and health | - profoundly = 180 or more, introverted, isolated and high rates of mental illness
36
What does rare giftedness depend on?
The intersection of high intelligence, creativity and motivation
37
What are the hidden gifted?
Children who aren't ID'd as gifted because of underachieving at school and can't access same opportunities
38
Can heredity of intelligence be determined via family studies?
No, because they share environments and therefore too many confounding variables - Twin studies are best: high correlation
39
What is the heritability ration?
Estimate of the proportion of trait variability in a population that is determined by variations in genetic inheritance
40
What is the current assumption of IQ heritability?
50%
41
What are the limitations of heritability?
- group statistic so only applies to groups - may vary between groups - no fixed hereditability value for anything, only sample specific
42
What is the Flynn effect?
There has been a steady increase in IQ since the 1930s that must be attributed to environmental factors because gene pool can't change that fast
43
What is a dominant theory re how heredity and environment interact? (Scarr)
Heredity sets limits on intelligence while environment determines where one falls within the limits
44
What is the term for the genetically determined limits of IQ?
Reaction range
45
What is the biggest flaw in the argument for heredity re lower ethnic group scores?
Between-group disparities in IQ scores can be environmental even if intelligence is highly heritable - Flynn effect supports argument against heredity
46
What is reflected in lower class IQ differences?
Social class differences because ethnic groups are overepresented in lower classes
47
What are the two ways that stereotype vulnerability contributes to academic underachievement?
- it undermines emotional investment in academic work | - standardized test arouse anxiety due to great importance of outcome on perception of the person/group by others
48
What are the mechanisms that deplete executive resources for successful task performance?
- stress interferes with pre-frontal brain processing - tendency to inhibit/suppress negative thoughts - tendency to actively monitor performance
49
What is the current debate around cultural bias in IQ tests?
The degrees to which tests have a cultural slant
50
What is the correlation bw brain size and intelligence?
Specific to certain regions in the brain not overall brain size- 0.35 - amount of grey/white matter
51
What is the correlation between IQ and longevity?
Higher IQ correlates with lower health risks, good genes, better preparation for complexities, and career success - affluence could be key linking factor
52
What is Sternberg's triarchic theory of human intelligence?
That intelligence is - contextual - experiential - componential (metcomponents, performance, knowledge acquisition)
53
What is the cognitive perspective on intelligence?
Focus should be on how people use their intelligence and underlying information processing strategies
54
What are Gardener's 8 intelligences?
- logical - linguistic - musical - spatial - bodily-kinesthetic - interpersonal - naturalist
55
What are the 4 essential components of emotional intelligence?
1- ppl need to accurately perceive emotion and express their emotions effectively 2- awareness of how their emotions shape their d-m and thinking 3- Understanding and analysis of their emotions, their complexity and contradiction 4- regulation of their own emotions to dampen negative and use positive
56
What area of psychology indicates the greatest connections in bw psych and society?
Human intelligence
57
Are creative ideas typically spontaneous?
No, they come out of experience and training
58
What is the most common type of thinking?
Convergent thinking: narrowing down a list of alternatives to converge on correct answer
59
What type of thinking contributes to creativity?
Divergent thinking: expanding on a range of alternatives by generating many possible solutions
60
What is a common fallacy in the heredity vs environment debate re intelligence?
The appeal to ignorance- misusing general lack of knowledge
61
What is reification?
When a hypothetical abstract concept is given a name and then treated as though it were a concrete tangible object, like intelligance

Psych 290 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions