G3

Question 1

refers to the process of
planning, designing, and building
infrastructure or facilities such as buildings,
roads, and bridges.

Answer 1

Construction

Question 2

are the strategies,
techniques, and procedures used to execute
a project efficiently.

Answer 2

Methods

Question 3

encompass the management of
resources, labor, tools, and time to ensure
that construction processes are completed
safely, within budget, and on schedule.

Answer 3

Operations

Question 4

refers to the study and
practice of processes, techniques, and management strategies
used in the construction industry to complete a building or
infrastructure project efficiently and effectively

Answer 4

Construction Methods and Operations

Question 5

involves
feasibility studies,
design,
permitting, and
resource planning to ensure
smooth project implementation

Answer 5

pre-construction phase

Question 6

Can the project be built given the available
resources and site conditions?

Answer 6

Technical Feasibility

Question 7

Evaluates cost estimates, funding sources,
and return on investment (ROI)

Answer 7

Financial Feasibility

Question 8

Ensures compliance with
zoning laws, building codes, and environmental regulations

Answer 8

Legal & Environmental Feasibility

Question 9

Determines terrain features, slopes, and
drainage patterns

Answer 9

Topographical Survey

Question 10

Assesses soil stability, groundwater
levels, and foundation requirements

Answer 10

Geotechnical Investigation

Question 11

Identifies ecological
risks and mitigation strategies

Answer 11

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

Question 12

The project’s blueprint is developed during this stage,
defining specifications, materials, and construction
methods

Answer 12

Design & Planning

Question 13

Floor plans, elevations, and
aesthetic considerations

Answer 13

Architectural Design

Question 14

Engineering calculations for load
bearing structures, materials, and reinforcements.

Answer 14

Structural Design

Question 15

HVAC, elevators, fire
suppression systems

Answer 15

Mechanical Systems

Question 16

Power distribution, lighting, IT
infrastructure

Answer 16

Electrical Systems

Question 17

Water supply, drainage, and
sewage

Answer 17

Plumbing Systems

Question 18

Itemized breakdown of
expenses

Answer 18

Material & Labor Costs

Question 19

Reserves for unexpected
costs (usually 5-10% of the budget

Answer 19

Contingency Funds

Question 20

Breaks the
project into tasks and milestones

Answer 20

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

Question 21

Tools like Gantt Charts,
Critical Path Method (CPM), and Primavera P6
help manage timelines

Answer 21

Construction Scheduling

Question 22

CONFIRMS
COMPLIANCE WITH LOCAL LAND-USE
PLANS.

Answer 22

ZONING & LAND USE PERMITS

Question 23

REQUIRED
FOR PROJECTS AFFECTING NATURAL
RESOURCES

Answer 23

ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITS

Question 24

ENSURES
STRUCTURAL SAFETY AND ADHERENCE TO
BUILDING CODES

Answer 24

CONSTRUCTION PERMITS

Question 25

Contractors submit bids based on project requirements

Answer 25

Tendering Process

Question 26

– Contractor is paid a total fixed amount

Answer 26

Lump Sum (Fixed Price)

Question 27

Contractor is reimbursed for actual costs + a fee.

Answer 27

Cost-Plus

Question 28

A single entity handles both design and construction.

Answer 28

Design-Build

Question 29

Worker accommodations, storage yards, and offices

Answer 29

Temporary Facilities

Question 30

Routes for material delivery and heavy equipment movement.

Answer 30

Access Roads & Traffic Management

Question 31

Identifies site-specific risks like unstable soil or flood-prone areas.

Answer 31

Hazard Identification

Question 32

Includes PPE requirements, emergency exits, and training

Answer 32

Safety Protocols

Question 33

This phase involves carrying out the physical construction according to the approved plans, schedules, and budgets

Answer 33

CONSTRUCTION PHASE

Question 34

REMOVING VEGETATION, DEBRIS, AND LEVELING THE SITE

Answer 34

CLEARING AND GRADING

Question 35

Using explosives or mechanical devices like bulldozers to destroy existing structures

Answer 35

Demolishing

Question 36

Carefully removing materials that can be reused, such as electrical switchboards and plumbing fixtures

Answer 36

Salvaging

Question 37

Bringing down timber using saws or explosives

Answer 37

Cutting

Question 38

Controlled burning to clear vegetation

Answer 38

Burning

Question 39

involves relocating soil and rock to prepare the site for building

Answer 39

Earth moving

Question 40

Digging to create space for foundations, basements, or trenches

Answer 40

Excavation

Question 41

Transferring excavated materials into dump trucks for transport

Answer 41

Loading

Question 42

Dumping and spreading materials in designated fil areas

Answer 42

Placing

Question 43

Densifying soil to provide a stable base for construction

Answer 43

Compacting

Question 44

Removing excess or unsuitable materials from the site.

Answer 44

Disposing

Question 45

Removing mud, debris, and unwanted materials from the excavation.

Answer 45

Cleaning and Washing

Question 46

Digging trenches for utilities and refilling with compacted soil.

Answer 46

Excavation & Backfilling

Question 47

Shaping the excavation to reduce the risk of landslides and erosion.

Answer 47

Sloping

Question 48

Using techniques like freezing or chemical stabilization to improve soil strength

Answer 48

Soil Treatment

Question 49

Laying footings and pouring concrete for shallow or deep foundations

Answer 49

Foundation Construction

Question 50

Erecting columns, beams, and load bearing structures

Answer 50

Structural Framework

Question 51

Installing steel reinforcements and molds for concrete pouring.

Answer 51

Reinforcement & Formwork

Question 52

The earth on which the foundation rests

Answer 52

Bearing Surface

Question 53

Walls and piers that support the structure.

Answer 53

Upright Supports

Question 54

The part that supports the concrete slab or walls

Answer 54

Footing

Question 55

enclose the building, providing structural support and protection from external elements.

Answer 55

Walls

Question 56

Made from bricks, concrete blocks, or stones. Durable and fire-resistant. Requires mortar to bond materials together.

Answer 56

Masonry wall

Question 57

Factory-made concrete panels transported to the site. Faster installation than traditional masonry. Provides uniform quality and reduces labor costs.

Answer 57

Precast Panels

Question 58

Non-load-bearing walls made of glass, metal, or composite materials. Commonly used in high-rise buildings. Improves aesthetics and allows natural lighting while providing insulation

Answer 58

Curtain walls

Question 59

Supports the roof structure. Can be made from wood, steel, or reinforced concrete.

Answer 59

Trusses and Framing

Question 60

Provides excellent insulation and aesthetic appeal. Heavier than metal sheets, requiring a strong roof framework

Answer 60

Clay or Concrete Tiles

Question 61

Used in flat-roofed commercial and residential buildings. Can serve as an additional load-bearing platform for rooftop gardens or solar panels

Answer 61

Concrete Roofing

Question 62

are essential for a building's functionality, ensuring power distribution, water supply, climate control, and safety measures

Answer 62

MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing) Installation

Question 63

These systems regulate temperature, ventilation, and fire protection in the building

Answer 63

HVAC & FIRE SAFETY

Question 64

Channels air efficiently throughout the building

Answer 64

Ductwork & Air Distribution

Question 65

Regulate airflow and temperature.

Answer 65

Air Handling Units (AHU) & Fans

Question 66

Key in cooling mechanisms for air-conditioning units.

Answer 66

refrigerant system

Question 67

Automatic fire suppression using water or chemical agents

Answer 67

Sprinkler Systems

Question 68

Detect smoke and alert occupants in case of fire

Answer 68

Smoke Detectors & Alarms

Question 69

Readily available for emergency response.

Answer 69

Fire Extinguishers & Hydrants

Question 70

A structured, linear approach where each phase must be completed before moving to the next.

Answer 70

Waterfall Methodology

Question 71

A flexible, iterative approach that promotes adaptability and rapid delivery

Answer 71

Agile

Question 72

A subset of Agile, using short sprints (typically 2-4 weeks) and daily meetings.

Answer 72

Scrum Methodology

Question 73

A standardized approach with defined knowledge areas, life cycles, and best practices

Answer 73

Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK

Question 74

Identifies the longest sequence of dependent tasks to determine project duration

Answer 74

Critical Path Method (CPM

Question 75

Prioritizes resource allocation and buffers to manage uncertainties

Answer 75

Critical Chain Project Management

Question 76

Uses visual boards to manage workflow and limit work-in-progress.

Answer 76

. Kanban Methodology

Question 77

A highly iterative Agile framework focusing on frequent releases and customer feedback.

Answer 77

Extreme Programming (XP)

Question 78

Focuses on eliminating waste and maximizing value.

Answer 78

Lean Methodology

Question 79

A data-driven methodology aimed at reducing defects and improving quality.

Answer 79

Six Sigma

Question 80

A process-based approach emphasizing organization and governance

Answer 80

PRINCE2 (Projects IN Controlled Environments)

Question 81

Encourages collaboration by integrating key stakeholders from the start

Answer 81

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD)

Question 82

A flexible, iterative methodology that allows for continuous adjustments.

Answer 82

Adaptive Project Framework (APF)

Question 83

Designed for highly complex and uncertain projects requiring rapid adaptation

Answer 83

Extreme Project Management (XPM)

Question 84

A graphical representation of project activities and dependencies.

Answer 84

Precedence Diagramming Method (PDM)

Question 85

the process of casting concrete in a mold off site, then transporting and installing it on-site. Precast concrete is used for many building elements, including walls, floors, beams, and columns.

Answer 85

Precast Construction

Question 86

method of building that involves prefabricating sections of a building off-site and then assembling them on-site.

Answer 86

Modular Construction

Question 87

the practice of designing, building, and operating structures in a way that minimizes environmental impact.

Answer 87

Sustainable Construction

Question 88

measures how well resources are utilized while maintaining quality and meeting budgets.

Answer 88

Efficiency

Question 89

about doing what matters. By integrating prioritization, goal alignment, and adaptive strategies, individuals and organizations improve work efficiency, turning time into a strategic asset.

Answer 89

Time Management

Question 90

about strategically aligning labor, materials, technology, and finances. Also to minimize material waste and ensuring timely availability

Answer 90

Resource optimization

Question 91

monitoring, managing, and optimizing expenses to align with budgets while ensuring quality and timelines

Answer 91

Cost Control

Question 92

maximizing the output and quality of work of laborers hourly by optimizing skills, tools, and workflows

Answer 92

Workforce Productivity

Question 93

Using tools and technologies like BIM, drones, IoT, and AI to streamline planning, monitoring, and execution.

Answer 93

Technology Utilization

Question 94

ensures processes and materials meet predefined standards, reducing rework, delays, costs and prevents defects with regular checks

Answer 94

Quality Assurance

Question 95

Ensuring a hazard-free work environment, preventing accidents, injuries, and downtime

Answer 95

Safety

Question 96

mart devices, and real-time data analytics to improve construction site management

Answer 96

IoT (INTERNET OF THINKING)