GA-Pelvic Viscera I and II Flashcards
(55 cards)
what are the boundaries of the male peritoneum? what does it cover?
pelvic peritoneum ends at superior bladder and has several deeper puches
covers bladder, ureters, ductus deferesne, and superior end of seminal gland, up the rectum and sigmoid colon
what is the most inferior point in male anatomy? what does it separate?
the rectovesicular pouch
rectum and bladder
what is the endopelvic fascia? what is it made up of?
a lining beneath the peritoneum that covers the pelvic organs, pelvic wall, and pelvic floor
continuations of transversalis fascia and ligaments/other thickened fascia?
what are ligaments that make up the endopelvic fascia?
tendinous arch of levator ani puboprostatic ligament (male) pubovesicular ligament (female) lateral ligament of bladder cardinal ligament (females) paracolpium
what is the paracolpium?
thickened fascia from the vagina to the tendinous arch
helps support
what are the potential spaces/pouches in the male pelvic region?
retrovesicular space (lowest)
paravesicular fossa
retrorectal space
retropubic space (puboprostatic ligament)
which space contains the puboprostatic/pubovesicular ligaments?
retropubic space
what are the relationships of the vas deferens?
enters the abdominal cavity via deep inguinal ring –> passes superior to literally every structure (emphasis on ureter) –> expands into an ampulla at the posterior bladder –> thins out and goes under bladder medial to seminal vesicle
where are the seminal vesicles located?
posterior bladder lateral to where the vas deferens enters
what two structures join together to form the ejaculatory duct?
vas deferens . and seminal vesicles
where is the prostate located?
inferior to bladder, surrounds prostatic urethra, superior to bulbourethral gland
what nerves innervate the male pelvic organs? testes?
sympathetic T10-L2
parasympathetic S2-S4 pelvic splanchnic
visceral afferent with parasympahtetic
testes with sympathetic (T10)
what male organs drain into the internal iliac nodes? 4
vas deferens
seminal vesicle
prostate
fundus and neck of bladder
what male organs drain into the external iliac nodes? 2
scrotal vas deferens
superior/lateral bladder
what is the path of the ureter?
retroperitoneal
exit kidney –> over pelvic brim –> obliquely enter posterior bladder wall
what structures in the male and female are located superior to the ureters?
male: vas deferens
female: uterine artery/vein
what supplies blood to the ureter?
renal a, gonadal a, aorta, internal iliac branches
what innervates the ureter?
preaortic plexus, hypogastric plexus, pelvic splanchnics
what are the parts of the bladder? their relationships?
apex-points towards pubis
fundus-opposite apex
body- in between
neck-where urethra starts
what ligaments support the bladder in males? females? which are part of the endopelvic fascia?
median umbilical ligament (urachus remnant)
part of endopelvic fascia
lateral ligaments
puboprostatic ligament
pubovesical ligamnet
what supplies blood to the bladder?
superior and inferior vesicular arteries
vaginal artery contributes in females
what innervates the bladder? (p and s)
sympathetic-superior hypogastric plexus
parasympathetic-pelvic splanchnic/inferior hypogastric plexus
what muscle lines the bladder wall and what innervates it and whats its function
detrusor
parasympathetic fibers
contract to expel urine
what is the trigone? what is important about it?
a triangle formed by two ureters and beginning of urethra
its very sensitive to stretch, relays lots of sensory info
