Gait

Question 1

functional task requiring complex interactions and coordination among most of the major joints of the body, particularly of lower extremity

Answer 1

gait

Question 2

the manner or style of walking

Answer 2

gait

Question 3

evaluation of the manner or style of walking

Answer 3

gait analysis

Question 4

combination of several successively arranged joints constituting a complex motor unit

Answer 4

kinetic chain

Question 5

kinetic chain in which the terminal segment can move freely

Answer 5

open chain movement

Question 6

kinetic chain in which the distal end of the extremity is fixed

Answer 6

closed chain movement

Question 7

force exerted by the group on a body in contact with it

Answer 7

ground reactive forces

Question 8

during gait, hip joint motion is _____ ; including ___, ___ & _____

Answer 8

triaxial
flex-ext
add-abd
int-ext rotation

Question 9

_____ movements have the largest range of the HIP during gait

Answer 9

flex/ext

Question 10

during gait, knee joint motion is ______; including ___,____ & ______

Answer 10

triaxial
flex/ext
int/ext rotation
add/abd aka vargus/valgus

Question 11

primary motion at the knee during gait is _____ & ______ motion is MOST LIMITED

Answer 11

flextion/extension

vargus/valgus

Question 12

term describing angulation of limb at a joint

Answer 12

varus-valgus

Question 13

distal part is AWAY from midline

Answer 13

valgus

Question 14

distal part is TOWARD midline

Answer 14

varus

Question 15

ankle motion is restricted by constraints of ______ joint, which permits only ___ & ____

Answer 15

talocrural joint

plantar flexion and dorsiflexion

Question 16

biomechanically, what do we do in order to take the first step

Answer 16

initiate a fall

lift foot - reduce BOS, feedforward control propels COG outside BOS

Question 17

moment at which the heel strikes the ground

Answer 17

heel strike/heel contact

Question 18

the moment at which the toes leaves the ground (and is no longer incorporated in the BOS)

Answer 18

toe off

Question 19

the movement of ONE lower extremity from toe off to heel contact

Answer 19

step

Question 20

two STEPS (one) with each leg = 1 stride is called ____ or ______

Answer 20

stride

gait cycle

Question 21

distance from the toe of the trailing limb of heel of the leading limb

Answer 21

step length

Question 22

distance between two successive placements of the same foot; consists of 2 step lengths (left and right) each of which is the distance by which the named foot moves forward in front of the other

Answer 22

stride length

Question 23

the portion of one gait cycle in which both feet are in contact with the ground

Answer 23

double support

Question 24

distinguishes walking from running; period of non-support, where neither foot is in contact w/ ground

Answer 24

flight/float

Question 25

number of steps per minute (divide by 2 to get strides per minute)

Answer 25

cadence

Question 26

normal cadence for most people is ____ steps/minute; or about ___ stride per second

Answer 26

120 steps/minute | 1 stride/second

Question 27

(cadence x stride length) / 120

Answer 27

speed

Question 28

men's info: cadence is _____ steps/min speed = _____ m/s stride length = ____

Answer 28

110-115 steps/min 1. 3-1.6 m/s 1. 4-1.6 m

Question 29

women's info: cadence is _____ steps/min speed = _____ m/s stride length = ____

Answer 29

115-120 steps/min 1. 2-1.5 m/s 1. 3-1.5 m

Question 30

fundamental component of human locomotion

Answer 30

gait cycle

Question 31

one complete gait cycle consists of anatomical interactions occurring from the moment the foot first ______ until ___ foot makes _______ with next step

Answer 31

contacts the ground same foot ground contact

Question 32

bipedal gait cycle consists of ____ phases for each limb -- ____ & ____

Answer 32

2 stance swing

Question 33

phase of bipedal gait when LE is contacting ground

Answer 33

stance

Question 34

phase of bipedal gait when LE swinging through air preparing for next impact

Answer 34

swing

Question 35

while walking, typical gait cycle lasts _____; stance phase is about ___ % and swing phase is ____ %

Answer 35

1 sec 60% 40%

Question 36

during ____ phase, distal end of kinetic chain is FIXED by ground reactive forces, so this is ______ motion

Answer 36

stance phase | closed chain motion

Question 37

(3) sub phases of stance phase

Answer 37

contact midstance propulsive

Question 38

during ___ phase, distal end of kinetic chain is FREELY mobile, so it is a ______ motion

Answer 38

swing | open chaing

Question 39

more than _____ cycles are performed daily

Answer 39

5,000

Question 40

2 periods of DOUBLE limb support (initial and terminal), when the CONTRALATERAL foot is in contact w/ ground intermediate period of single limb support, when CONTRALATERAL limb is in swing phase

Answer 40

limb support during stance

Question 41

absorbing the shock; first 27% of stance phase | begins at touchdown (heel strike), ends when entire forefoot makes ground contact (foot flat)

Answer 41

contact

Question 42

store energy absorbed in contact to return it in the propulsive phase, 27-67% stance *period when COG is "vaulting" over foot

Answer 42

midstance

Question 43

utilize energy to move up & forward final 33% of stance begins moment heel leaves ground (heel lift); ends when tip of phalanges no longer make ground contact

Answer 43

propulsive

Question 44

stance phase in ____: increase speed and need for more forceful propulsive periods changes the timing of events

Answer 44

running

Question 45

running info: contact = ___% midstance = ___% propulsive = ___%

Answer 45

0-20% 20-45% 55%

Question 46

(3) components of swing phase in running

Answer 46

acceleration midswing deceleration

Question 47

gait involves the _______ of body weight in a desired direction utilizing a ______ effort btwn the joints of trunk and _______ and the ____ that control or produce movements

Answer 47

displacement coordinated extremities muscles

Question 48

(5) priorities of gait

Answer 48

1 stability of weight bearing foot throughout stance period 2 clearance of non-weight bearing foot during swing period 3 appropriate pre-positiioning (during terminal swing) of the foot for next gait cycle 4 adequate step length 5 energy conservation