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Kinesio 2 > Gait Analysis > Flashcards

Gait Analysis Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

What is gait

A

A pattern of movement

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2
Q

What are determinants of gait

A

Adjustments made at joints to minimize S to I and M to L motion making us more efficient

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3
Q

How much of the gait cycle is stance and swing

A

Stance: 60%
Swing: 40%

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4
Q

What is the traditional gait cycle (8)

A
  1. Heel strike
  2. Foot flat
  3. Midstance
  4. Heel off
  5. Toe off
  6. Acceleration
  7. Midswing
  8. Deceleration
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5
Q

What are the components of the stance phase of the gait cycle (5)

A
  1. Heel strike
  2. Foot flat
  3. Midstance
  4. Heel off
  5. Toe off
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6
Q

What are the components of the swing phase of the gait cycle (3)

A
  1. Acceleration
  2. Midswing
  3. Deceleration
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7
Q

What is the stance phase defined as

A

Anytime there is contact with the ground

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8
Q

What is the Ranchos Los Amigoes (RLA) phases of the gait cycle (8)

A
  1. Initial contact
  2. Loading response
  3. Midstance
  4. Terminal stance
  5. Preswing
  6. Initial swing
  7. Midswing
  8. Terminal swing
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9
Q

What does a stride equal

A

1 complete gait cycle

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10
Q

What is a complete gait cycle

A

Heel strike on one foot to heel strike on the same foot

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11
Q

What does a step equal

A

Heel strike on one foot to heel strike on the contralateral foot

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12
Q

how long does it take an adult to complete one gait cycle

A

1.03 seconds

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13
Q

What is initial contact

A

Instant the heel contacts the ground

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14
Q

What is the loading response

A

From heel contact to flat foot

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15
Q

When does the loading response go until

A

Contralateral limb lifts off the ground

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16
Q

What does the contralateral limb lifting off the ground also end

A

Double support phase

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17
Q

What is the double support phase

A

Anytime both feet contact the ground

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18
Q

Which leg is beginning the stance phase and which leg is ending the stance phase during the loading response

A

Beginning: Ipsilateral leg
Ending: Contralateral leg

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19
Q

How much do the stance phases of both legs overlap

A

22%

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20
Q

What is the midstance phase

A

From foot flat until the body is supported over the weight bearing limb

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21
Q

When does the midstance phase begin

A

When the contralateral leg lifts off the ground

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22
Q

What is terminal stance

A

From midstance through heel off the weight bearing extremity

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23
Q

When does terminal stance end

A

Once the contralateral foot makes it’s initial contact with the ground

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24
Q

What is the preswing

A

From heel off to toe off of the weight bearing extremity

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25
What is the initial swing
From toe off until maximum knee flexion of ipsilateral extremity
26
How is the thigh oriented in relation to the ground at the end of the initial swing phase
Perpendicular
27
What is the midswing
From maximum knee flexion until the tibia is in a vertical position
28
What is the terminal swing
From vertical tibia until just before initial contact of ipsilateral extremity
29
True or False: | Ground reaction force at heel strike changes everything up the chain
True
30
True of False: | Ground reaction force applies at the center of pressure and projects up toward the center of mass
True
31
What is the heel strike equivalent to
Initial contact
32
What is heel strike to foot flat equivalent to
Loading response
33
What is foot flat to midstance equivalent to
Midstance
34
What is midstance to heel off equivalent to
Terminal stance
35
What is toe off equivalent to
Preswing
36
What is toe off to acceleration equivalent to
Initial swing
37
What is acceleration to midswing equivalent to
Midswing
38
What is midswing to deceleration equivalent to
Terminal swing
39
What is happening to the contralateral leg during initial contact
Preswing
40
What is happening to the contralateral leg during loading response
Preswing
41
What is happening to the contralateral leg during midstance
Initial swing then midswing
42
What is happening to the contralateral leg during terminal stance
Terminal swing
43
What is happening to the contralateral leg during preswing
Initial contact/Loading response
44
What is happening to the contralateral leg during initial swing and midswing
Midstance
45
What is happening to the contralateral leg during terminal swing
Terminal stance
46
Where does the COM fall in the body
Anterior to S2
47
True or False: | Sagittal and frontal plane displacement do not occur during gait
False
48
How many cm of displacement is there S to I during gait
5cm
49
When is S to I displacement the greatest
During simultaneous midstance and midswing
50
When is S to I displacement the least
During double support
51
When is frontal plane displacement the greatest during gait
Just after midstance as body weight is shifted over the stance limb
52
How do you increase frontal plane displacement
Increase step size
53
What is more efficient wide gait or narrow gait
Narrow gait
54
What is one potential danger of a narrow gait
Smaller BOS
55
When does the COM reach its highest point
During midswing
56
What is a lateral pelvic tilt
Slight depression of the unsupported limb that minimizes rise of COM
57
What is Tredndelenburg gait pattern
Excessive hemipelvic depression
58
What determinant of gait occurs at the knee to minimize the rise in the COM
Slight knee flexion
59
How much knee flexion occurs to minimize the rise in the COM
About 5 degrees
60
What occurs at the knee, ankle, and foot to prevent an abrupt rise in the COM from initial contact to loading response
Knee flexion, talocrural dorsiflexion, and subtalar pronation
61
What occurs at the knee, ankle, and foot to slow the descent of the COM from midstance to terminal stance
Knee extension, talocrural plantarflexion, and subtalar supination
62
What is the sagittal plane motion of the hip
Anterior/Posterior tiliting
63
True or False: | The motion is named in relation to the stance limb
True
64
Which way is the pelvic rotation when you swing the leg forward
Anterior
65
How many degrees of pelvic rotation occur in the swing and stance side
4 degrees
66
How many total degrees of pelvic rotation occur
8 degrees
67
When you swing the LE from terminal swing to stance what motion occurs in the sagittal plane
Posterior tilt
68
While going from stance to initial swing what motion occurs in the sagittal plane
Anterior tilt
69
What does longer limb length do to the degree of COM alteration
Minimizes it

Kinesio 2 (5 decks)

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