Gait Training Flashcards
(33 cards)
NWB
-Non weight bearing
-Foot foes not touch ground
TTWB
-Toe touch weight bearing
-foot contacts ground for balance only
WBAT
-Weight Bearing as tolerated
-limited by patient tolerance (50% to 100%)
PWB
-Partial weight bearing
-usually 20% to 50% of body weight
FWB
-Full weight bearing
-no restriction, 100%
what are the requirements for gait?
-Support head, arms & trunk by maintaining a semirigid lower limb grip
-Maintain upright posture & balance
-Control foot to allow it to clear obstacles & enable gentle heel or toe landing through eccentric muscle action
what are the main task for walking/gait?
-Generate mechanical energy by concentric muscle contraction to initiate, maintain & forward velocity
-Provide shock absorption & stability & decrease forward velocity of body
what are the functional tasks accomplished in normal gait?
-Forward progression
-Balance
-Support of upright body
when does gait stop being irregular & variable?
7
what is the definition of a gait cycle?
-Sequence of motion that includes one stance & one swing phase on same limb
What is the sequence of a traditional gait cycle?
- heel strike
- foot flat
- midstance
- heel off
- toe off
- acceleration
- midswing
- deceleration toward heel strike
what percentage of gait does stance phase make up?
60%
what percentage of gait does swing phase make up?
40%
what are the stance phase stages?
- Initial Contact (heel strike)
- Load Response (foot flat)
- Midstance (single leg stance)
- Terminal Stance (heel off)
- Preswing (toe off)
what are the swing phase stages?
- Initial Swing (acceleration)
- Midswing
- Terminal Swing (deceleration)
where is a person center of gravity?
2 inches anterior to S2
what is an antalgic gait?
- Pain in lower extremities that causes a limp
- May see a shorten stance phase relative to swing phase on the affected side
what is a Trendelenburg Gait?
Weakness in the glute medius muscle that caused movement pattern changes in contralateral hip during swing phase
what is a Uncompensated Trendelenburg gait?
contralateral hip drop; lean away from weak side
what is a Compensated Trendelenburg gait?
contralateral hip hike displacing COM over the AOR on the affected side; lean towards/over weak side
what is a hemiparetic gait?
- Changes in gait pattern from normal that may include decreased cadence, prolonged swing duration on the paretic side, prolonged stance duration on no paretic side & step length asymmetry
what is a Scissoring Gait?
increased muscle tone of the adductor muscles that causes the knees and thighs to be pressed together or crossing each other while walking
what is a circumduction gait pattern?
weakness of hip flexors, contralateral hip dysfunction, or leg length discrepancy that causes combination movement of hip hiking, forward rotation of the pelvis & abduction of the hip
what is vaulting gait pattern?
Ankle dorsiflexion weakness or leg length discrepancy requiring plantar flexion of the contralateral ankle during the single limb support phase to assist swing leg clearance
