GALAXIES, STARS AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM🩵

Question 1

Define star

Answer 1

An object made of gas

Question 2

Define luminous

Answer 2

A light source as a result of a nuclear reaction

Question 3

What are nuclear reactions?

Answer 3

Take place in a star
Occur between two hydrogen atoms

Question 4

Nuclear fusion

Answer 4

Conversion of hydrogen to hellium

Question 5

Supernova

Answer 5

Stars that explode during the process of dying
Dramatically releasing a lot of light

Question 6

What are the four phases of a star?

Answer 6

1. Formation
2. Stable period
3. Red giant
4. White dwarf

Question 7

Phase 1: Formation

Answer 7

Large gas clouds in space called nebulae
Attractive forces of gravity of the gas particles cause these gases to collapse and come together

Question 8

What is the name given to large gas clouds?

Answer 8

Nebulae
Nebula

Question 9

Phase 2: Stable period

Answer 9

Over billions of years the star becomes stable
We call such a star a main sequence star

Question 10

Phase 3: Red Giant

Answer 10

When the star has used up all its supplies of hydrogen in its core, it begins burning helium on its outer parts
Star becomes a huge structure know as the red giant

Question 11

Phase 4: White dwarf

Answer 11

When the red giant has turned all the hydrogen that it contains both in its core and on its surface to helium
It condenses and collapses in on itself forming a tiny but very dense star called a white dwarf

Question 12

Galaxies

Answer 12

Collection of millions of billions of stars
Along with gas and dust all held together by gravitational forces

Question 13

Our solar system

Answer 13

Made up of the Sun and the planets that orbit around it

Question 14

To be called a ‘planet’ what three conditions must be met?

Answer 14

• Object must orbit a star, such as our sun
• Object must be big enough to allow its own gravity to pull it inwards and make it a sphere
• Object must be big enough for its own gravity to move other objects around the same size out of its way in its orbit around Earth

Question 15

What are the three types of planets?

Answer 15

• Terrestrial
• Jovian
• Dwarf/planetoids

Question 16

Terrestrial (rocky) planets in our solar system are?

Answer 16

Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars

Question 17

Jovian (Jupiter like) planets in our solar system are?

Answer 17

Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune

Question 18

Planetoids in our solar system are?

Answer 18

Pluto

Question 19

Moon

Answer 19

Objects that are found revolving around planets in our solar system