Gas Exchange

Question 1

Ventilation

Answer 1

Maintain concentrations of o2 and co2 in alveoli and blood flowing in adjacent capillaries

Question 2

Gas exchange

Answer 2

Movement of gasses along diffusion gradient

Question 3

Cell respiration

Answer 3

Release of energy from large organic molecules (aerobic or anaerobic)

Question 4

Pathway of air

Answer 4

Air enter via mouth or nose
Parynx
Trachea
Larynx
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Lungs
Diaphragm

Question 5

Nose

Answer 5

Filters air with tiny hairs and mucous

Question 6

Mucous

Answer 6

Moistens and warm air
Filters air

Question 7

Pharynx

Answer 7

Air filled chambers in the mouth

Question 8

Trachea

Answer 8

Tube supported by cartilage c rings that is lined with cilia and mucous to clean and sweep debris away from the lungs

Question 9

Cilia

Answer 9

Tiny hairs

Question 10

Phlem

Answer 10

Lung

Question 11

Larynx

Answer 11

Protects vocal cords which two thin sheets of elastic ligaments that vibrate when air is forced passed them

Question 12

Adam’s Apple

Answer 12

Voice box
Aka Larynx

Question 13

Bronchi aka

Answer 13

Aka bronchus

Question 14

Bronchi

Answer 14

2 large branches
One to each lung
Contain cilia and c rings

Question 15

Bronchioles

Answer 15

Small branches of tubes that contain cilia leading to alveoli
Diameter control by smooth muscle

Question 16

Alveoli

Answer 16

150million tiny sacs at the end of bronchioles
Increase surface area for gas exchange

Question 17

Type 1 pneumocytes ( alveoli )

Answer 17

Thin cells adapted to gas exchange

Question 18

Type II pneumocytes ( alveoli )

Answer 18

Secrete a solution containing a surfactant, moist, prevent walls from sticking
Covered In capillaries

Question 19

Lungs

Answer 19

Found in thoracic cavity and are surrounded by a plural membrane which is filled with fluid to reduce friction between the lungs and the walls of chest cavity

Question 20

Diaphragm

Answer 20

Band of muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity
Regulates pressure in chest cavity

Question 21

Breathing movements

Answer 21

Different muscles are required for inspiration and expiration because muscles only do work when they contract

Question 22

Pleural pressure

Answer 22

Pressure of air inside the lung

Question 23

Inspiration

Answer 23

When pleural pressure is less than atmospheric pressure
Air into lungs

Question 24

Expiration

Answer 24

Higher pressure in pleural cavity than atmospheric

Question 25

External intercostal muscles relax

Answer 25

Rib cage falls Fluid witching pleural membrane push against lungs and air is forced out

Question 26

Medulla oblongata

Answer 26

Control brea th big movements by detecting o2 and co2 levels with chemoreceptors

Question 27

Chemoreceptors