Gas Laws Flashcards
Dalton’s Law
Tissue swelling, hypoxia hypoxia, O2 available at altitude
Graham’s Law
Cellular gas exchange, diffusion
Gay-Lussac’s law
Oxygen tank pressure in heat or cold
Boyle’s Law
-IABP purges with ascent or decent
BP cuff, ETT cuff, MAST
Gay-Lussac’s law
-two components
-temperature increases and pressure increases
-temperature decreases and pressure decreases
Example:
Oxygen tank pressure at 2200 in the afternoon, pressure drops to 1800 in the evening (temperature declined in the evening, pressure decreased)
Universal law
Combines Boyle’s and Charles’ laws
Graham’s law
Gas moves from high to low concentration
Examples: gas through liquid, cellular gas exchange
Henry’s Law
Gas in liquid proportional to gas above liquid
Examples: “the bends,” CO2 in blood, decompression
Volume of gas in GI expands thrice at what altitude?
25,000 feet
What law affects GI the most?
Boyle’s law
Boyle’s law
Increased volume = decreased pressure
Examples:
Cuffs, MAST, GI, ETT, IABP
Charle’s law
Temperature and volume proportional (increased temperature = increased volume)
Up 100 meters = down 1 C
Phlebostatic axis
Where pressure measurements are made with invasive line
Fourth intercostal space, level of atria
Boyle’s law
- ascent
- descent
-Ascent
Barondontalgia (toothache)
Barosinutis can occur on ascent
Bariobariatrauma (obese)= nitrogen in the fat cells can expand causing the “bends” administer high flow oxygen for 15 minutes prior to lift-off to remove nitrogen.
-Descent
Barotitis media (middle ear) can affect the patient during descent
Dalton’s law
Sum of total of partial pressures equal to total atmospheric pressures (Dalton’s gang)
Examples: tissue swelling, altitude hypoxia, hypoxic hypoxia
This is why O2 is needed at altitude
