Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chem 20 > Gases 25-27 > Flashcards

Gases 25-27 Flashcards

(58 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the equation for Boyle’s Law?

A

P1 V1 = P2 V2

Memorizing this equation is crucial for solving gas pressure problems.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the third postulate of the kinetic-molecular theory of gases?

A

All collisions between gas molecules are perfectly elastic; all kinetic energy is conserved.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who suggested that -273.15 °C is the lowest possible temperature?

A

Lord Kelvin in 1848.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does it mean that gas particles are very far apart?

A

Gas particles are very far apart compared to their actual size and in reult they are very compressible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What causes pressure on the walls of a container filled with gas?

A

Collisions of the gas molecules with the walls

These collisions are essential to understanding gas pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who noticed the relationship between the temperature and volumes of a gas?

A

Jacques Charles and Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the characteristics of real gases compared to ideal gases?

A

Real gases DO NOT have perfect characteristics, but their behavior is not that far off from ideal gases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do you convert from Celsius to Kelvin?

A

You add 273.15.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Are there forces of attraction between gas particles?

A

There are no forces of attraction between gas particles (no intermolecular forces).

  • they collide and trael in straight lines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Charles law equation:

A

V1 / T1=V2 / T2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the viscosity of gases?

A

Gases have low resistance to flow (low viscosity).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is temperature in relation to gas molecules?

A

Temperature is the average kinetic energy of gas molecules in an area.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What units are used to measure pressure?

A

Millimeters of mercury (mmHg), Pascal (Pa), kilopascal (kPa), atmosphere (atm), torr, bar, psi.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What assumptions are made about ideal gases in terms of forces?

A

For ideal gases, we assume that there are no intermolecular attractions (forces) between the molecules of the gas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does FEMP stand for in ideal gases?

A

F- No forces (intermolecular),
E- elastic collisions (no energy lost),
M- move in straight lines with different speeds,
P- point masses— mass but no volume.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the Kelvin equivalent of -273.15 °C?

A

0 K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does Charles’ Law state?

A

The volume of a gas varies directly with the temperature at a constant pressure and mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the formula for the Combined Gas Law?

A

P1 x V1 / T1 = P2 x V2 / T2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

define the kinetic molecular theory:

A

explains the behavior of gases at the molecular level, assuming that gas particles are in constant, random motion and that collisions are elastic
- matter made of constantly moving particles with spaces between them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does STP stand for?

A

Standard Temperature and Pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the Kelvin equivalent of 0 °C?

A

273.15 K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What happens to gas volume when temperature increases in an open system?

A

Volume increases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

tempurature, volume, and pressure:

A

Tempurature: average kinetic energy of particles
Volume: 3D space the is occupied by matter
Pressure: particles colliding with the walls of their container

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How is temperature related to gas particles?

Study These Flashcards
A

Temperature is related to average kinetic energy of all the particles.

  • higher temp means higher average speed
25
What happens to real gases at high temperatures and low pressures?
Real gases behave like ideal gases at high temperatures and low pressures.
26
What are gas molecules considered in the kinetic-molecular theory?
Gas molecules are 'point masses' (they have mass but no volume).
27
What is the temperature when the volume of a gas is zero?
-273.15 °C
28
State Boyle's Law.
The volume of a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature is inversely proportional to the applied pressure on the gas ## Footnote This law describes how gases behave under pressure changes.
29
What are the most commonly used pressure units?
760 mmHg = 101.325 kPa = 1 atm.
30
What happens to the volume of gas when it is under higher pressure?
It expands until it reaches atmospheric pressure
31
What is the relationship between volume and temperature of a gas when graphed?
The plot is linear as long as the amount of gas and pressure are constant.
32
As gas molecules move faster, what do they exert?
Higher pressure
33
What are the values for SATP?
* 298.15 K (25°C) * 100 kPa
34
List properties of gases.
1 – compressible 2 – diffuse 3 – expand to fill container 4 – exert pressure on surroundings
35
Who studied the relationship between the pressure and volume of gases at constant temperatures?
Irish scientist Robert Boyle ## Footnote Boyle's work laid the foundation for understanding gas behavior.
36
What does SATP stand for?
Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure
37
What is the name of the temperature scale established by Lord Kelvin?
The Kelvin scale.
38
How does atmospheric pressure change with altitude?
Air is less compressed as altitude increases, resulting in less pressure.
39
How is pressure defined?
Pressure is force per unit area (N/m² = 1 Pa).
40
What happens to gas volume when pressure increases in a closed system?
Volume decreases.
41
What happens to gas particles when the volume of a contained gas is reduced?
They collide more ## Footnote Reduced volume means less space for particles to move.
42
What are the values for STP?
* 273.15 K (0°C) * 101.325 kPa
43
What are the distinct macroscopic properties of gases?(6)
Gases are compressible, exert pressure, expand with temperature, have low viscosity, low densities, and are miscible.
44
What is the shape and volume of gases?
Gases have no shape or volume; they fill the shape of their container.
45
absolute zero:
the lowest possible temperature in our universe at which particles stop moving - It is the zero point of the Kelvin temperature scale, -273.15 degrees on the Celsius scale
46
What happens to the kinetic energy of gas molecules as temperature increases?
It increases
47
What is the relationship between different pressure units at sea level?
1 atm = 101.325 kPa = 760 mmHg = 760 torr = 1.013 bar = 14.7 psi.
48
What creates atmospheric pressure?
The gravitational pull of the Earth keeps gas molecules near the surface, creating atmospheric pressure.
49
What is the motion of gas particles?
Gas particles are in continuous, rapid motion. ## Footnote - very high kinetic energy and expand to fill their container
50
What does elastic mean in the context of gas collisions?
Elastic means there’s NO loss of energy during collisions.
51
What is the first postulate of the kinetic-molecular theory of gases?
A gas consists of molecules in constant random motion.
52
What happens when the linear plots of volume vs temperature are extrapolated down to zero volume?
All the lines converge at one point.
53
What is the relationship between the number of collisions and pressure?
More collisions = higher pressure ## Footnote This relationship is key to Boyle's Law.
54
What is the Kelvin equivalent of -30 °C?
243.15 K
55
What is the Kelvin equivalent of 25 °C?
298.15 K
56
What is the fourth postulate of the kinetic-molecular theory of gases?
The volume actually occupied by the molecules of a gas is negligibly small; the vast majority of the volume of the gas is empty space through which the gas molecules are moving. - point mass
57
What is the second postulate of the kinetic-molecular theory of gases?
Gas molecules influence each other only by collision; they exert no other forces on each other.
58
When do real gases deviate from ideal gas behavior?
Real gases deviate from ideal gas behavior at very low temperatures (moving very slowly) and very high pressures (molecules close together).

Chem 20 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions