Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GI physiology > Gastric response to a meal > Flashcards

Gastric response to a meal Flashcards

1
Q

Which part of the stomach is responsible for mixing, grinding, sieving?

A

Antrum and pylorus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When is gastric acid secretion greatest and lowest (circadian)?

A

Greatest at night and lowest in the morning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many hours after ingestion of food is the rate of H secretion the highest?

A

approx. 3 hours (secretion is high but concentration is low)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

After ingestion of food, when is [H] the lowest?

A

approx. 3 hours (concentration is low but secretion is high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is alkaline tide?

A

it is the rise in pH of the capillaries near parietal cells due to excess bicarbonate being absorbed into the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does Cl enter the cell from the basal side to make HCl in the lumen

A

Cl/HCO3 anion exchanger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What enzyme is required to combine H2O and CO2?

A

Carbonic Anhydrase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why is no acid produced in the resting parietal cell?

A

Because the proton pump is kept away from the luminal surface until the cell is stimulated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Acetylcholine has what effect on HCl secretion? Using which receptors?

A

ACh increases acid secretion via M3 receptors (calcium dependent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What effect does somatostatin have on acid secretion? using which receptors?

A

Somatostatin reduces acid secretion via SSTR1 receptors (cAMP dependent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of signaling pathway does Histamine use when stimulating parietal cells?

A

cAMP dependent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When HCl secretion is high, what happens to [Na]

A

[Na] decreases because the total volume increases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which two neurotransmitters increase mucus and bicarb secretion in the stomach?

A

ACh and Prostaglandins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which cells secrete pepsinogen?

A

Chief cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is secreted by parietal cells?

A

HCl and intrinsic factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What converts pepsinogen to pepsin?

A

HCl

17
Q

What degrades the mucus barrier?

A

Pepsin degrades the mucus barrier by attacking the unglycosylated core..

18
Q

H.Pylori causes ulcers. How is a person tested for the presence of H.pylori

A
  1. Patient is given carbon-13 urea which is broken down by the bacterial UREASE. The product carbon13 dioxide is exhaled. A breath test is given to determine the presence of C13O2. If present, patient is positive for H.pylori
  2. Biopsy of antral mucosa for RAPID UREASE TEST, histology, culture.
19
Q

What effect does gastrin have on smooth muscle tone of the LES?

A

increases muscle tone (antireflux)

20
Q

What effect does motilin have on smooth muscle tone of the LES?

A

increases muscle tone (antireflux)

21
Q

What effect does atylcholine (vagus) have on smooth muscle tone of the LES?

A

increases muscle tone (antireflux)

22
Q

What effect does CCk have on smooth muscle tone of the LES?

A

decreases muscle tone

23
Q

What effect does secretin have on the smooth muscle tone of the LES?

A

decreases muscle tone

24
Q

What effect does beta-adrenergics have on the smooth muscle tone of the LES?

A

decreases muscle tone

25
Q

True or False: Pregnancy and vagotomy will increase smooth muscle tone of the LES.

A

FALSE. Smooth muscle tone of the LES will be decreased

26
Q

chocolate and pepermint has what effect of the smooth muscle tone of the LES?

A

decrease muscle tone

27
Q

In a normal swallow during Transient Lower Esophageal Relaxations, why does the pH increase?

A

pH increases because of salivary bicarb

28
Q

Gastric/pharyngeal irritation sends signals to which nucleus to stimulate the vomiting response via CN IX and CN X?

A

Nucleus tractus solitarius

29
Q

During fasting what type of gastric motility predominates?

A

MMC

30
Q

What happens to gastric motility when food enters stomach?

A
  • MMC inhibited
  • receptive relaxation Accomodation (no increase in pressure due to increase in volume
  • Vago Vagal reflexes
31
Q

How long after a meal does it take for 50% of the stomach to be emptied?

A

90 min

32
Q

What is the “lag-phase” of a meal?

A

The first 30 min after a meal when only approx 5% of the stomach is emptied.

33
Q

What does secretin (an enterogastrone) do to gastric motility and secretion?

A

Secretin reduces both gastric motility and secretion

34
Q

What does Peptide YY and GLP-1 secreted from ileum do to gastric motility and secretion?

A

Reduce gastric motility and secretion

35
Q

What is the stimulis for secretin secretion?

A

Luminal H+

36
Q

What are the effects of secretin and CCK on pyloric tone?

A

Increased tone

37
Q

What are the effects of Gastrin, ACh, and NorEpi on pyloric tone?

A

Reduced tone

GI physiology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions