Gastro

Question 1

Wilsons disaese

Answer 1

excessive deposition of copper in liver, brain, cornea and kidneys

Question 2

inheritance of wilsons disease

Answer 2

autosomal recessive

Question 3

blood test reults in wilson disease

Answer 3

low ceruloplasmin and total serum copper

Question 4

mutation in wilson disease

Answer 4

ATP7B gene

Question 5

symptoms of wilsons

Answer 5

dystonia, Parkinsonian tremor, rigidity with behavioural problems and dementia
Kayser Fleisher ring

Question 6

physiological jaundice causes which type of hyperbilirulaemia

Answer 6

unconjugated

Question 7

What is kernicterus

Answer 7

bilirubin encephalopathy

Question 8

causes of kernicterus

Answer 8

acidosis, asphyxia, sepsis, prematurity

Question 9

most common cause of diarrhoea

Answer 9

rotavitus (A in 90%)

Question 10

common cause of food related gastroenteritis

Answer 10

campylobacter

Question 11

GI infection that mimics appendicitis

Answer 11

Yersinia

Question 12

when is rotavirus vaccine given

Answer 12

8-12 wks

Question 13

when do rotavirus infections most commonly occur

Answer 13

november to april

Question 14

treatment for mild, uncomplicated chron flareup

Answer 14

elemental diet
corticosteroids 1-2mg/kg/day
abx for perianal disease (metro and xipro)
aminosalicylates

Question 15

when does pyloric stenosis present

Answer 15

2-4 wks of life with projectile vomiting

Question 16

cause of pyloric stenosis

Answer 16

hypertrophy of muscles of pyloric sphincter leading to functional gastric outlet obstruction

Question 16

type of vomiting in pyloric stenosis

Answer 16

non-bilous

Question 17

risk factors for pyloric stenosis

Answer 17

FH (87% heritability)
male baby
first born
caucasia

Question 18

blood findings in pyloric stenosis

Answer 18

hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis

Question 19

diagnosis of pyloric stenosis

Answer 19

USS

Question 20

management of pyloric stenosis

Answer 20

ramstedt procedure

Question 21

what is the procedure indicated in biliary atresia

Answer 21

Kasai

Question 22

what is biliary atresia

Answer 22

progressive fibrosing obstructive cholangiopathy involving both extrahepatic and intrahepatic biliary system

Question 23

diagnostic procedure for biliary atresia

Answer 23

liver biopsy

Question 24

management of biliary atresia

Answer 24

fat soluble vitamins ursodeoxycholic acid nutritional support surgery

Question 25

type of hyperbilirubinaemia in biliary atresia

Answer 25

conjugated

Question 26

what is gilberts syndrome

Answer 26

benign, inherited liver disorder leading to intermittent episodes of mild jaundice due to high unconjugated bilitubin levels

Question 27

what enzyme causes gilberts syndrome

Answer 27

glucuronyltransferase

Question 28

what is hirshsprungs disaese

Answer 28

missing parasympathetic gangòlion cells in the muscles of part or all of the rectum - cannot relax and lead to obstruction

Question 29

symptoms of Hirschsprungs

Answer 29

delayed passage of meconium (typically passed within 48hrs)

Question 30

gender incidence of hirschsprungs

Answer 30

2-4 more common in males

Question 31

what types of hernia are common in boys

Answer 31

indirect inguinal hernias

Question 32

when should surgery take place for hernia

Answer 32

as soon as possible

Question 33

whats the most common type of hernia

Answer 33

indirect inguinal