Gastroenterology Flashcards
1
Q
Vitamin A
A
- Night blindness
- Xeropthalmia (dry conjuctiva and cornea)
2
Q
Vitamin D
A
- Rickets/ osteomalacia
- Dental caries
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypophosphatemia
3
Q
Vitamin E
A
- Anemia/hemolysis
- Neurologic deficits
- Altered prostaglandin synthesis
4
Q
Vitamin K
A
- Coagulopathy/ prolonged prothrombin time
- Abnormal bone matrix synthesis
5
Q
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
A
Beriberi (cardiac failure, peripheral neuropathy, hoarsenes or aphonia, Wernicke’s encephalopathy)
6
Q
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
A
- Dermatitis
- Cheliosis
- Glossitis
- Microcytic anemia
- Peripheral neuritis
7
Q
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)
A
- Megaloblastic anemia
- Neutropenia
- Impaired growth
- Diarrhea
8
Q
Vitamin C
A
Scurvy (hematologic abnormalities, edema, spongy swelling of gums, poor wound healing, impaired collagen synthesis)
9
Q
Folic acid
A
- Megaloblastic anemia
- Neutropenia
- Impaired growth
- Diarrhea
10
Q
Niacin
A
- Pellagra (diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia)
- Glossitis
- Stomatitis
11
Q
Zinc
A
- Skin lesions
- Poor wound healing
- Immune dysfunction
- Diarrhea
- Growth failure
12
Q
Causes of carbohydrate malabsorption
A
- Isolated congenital enzyme deficiency (eg lactase deficiency)
- Mucosal atrophy (which can cause a loss of enzymes or a disruption of transport mechanisms)
13
Q
Causes of protein malabsorption
A
- Congenital enterokinase deficiency
- Protein losing enteropathies
- Inflammatory disorders of the intestinal mucosa - such as Crohn’s disease and colitis`
14
Q
Lab used to document enteric protein loss
A
Fecal alpha-1 antitrypsin
