Gastrointestinal Radiology 2 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Cutaneous masses and small bowel tumors?
Neurofibromatosis.
What conditions may cause focal strictures of the small bowel?
Crohn’s disease. Certain infections. Radiation therapy. Ischemia.
Bony abnormalities in patients with adenomatous polyposis syndrome?
Osteomas. Cortical hyperostosis.
Possible extraintestinal neoplasms of FAPS?
Osteomas. Glioblastomas. Medulloblastomas. Thyroid carcinoma.
What is FAPS?
Familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome - characterized by the presence of hundreds or thousands of colonic adenomatous polyps, usually tubular or tubulovillous. The rectum is occasionally spared. Less commonly they affect the small bowel and stomach.
Congenital condition that may cause diffuse bowel edema?
Lymphangiectasia.
Complications of Caroli’s disease (Type V Choledochal Cyst or communicating cavernous ectasia of the bile ducts)?
Cholangitis. Fibrosis. Portal hypertension. Cholangiocarcinoma.
Most common cause of portal hypertension and varices worldwide (parasite)?
Shistosomiasis.
Most common internal hernia?
Paraduodenal hernia.
Causes of rectal varices (not internal hemorrhoids)?
Portal hypertension. IVC obstruction. Severe abdominal adhesions.
Amyloidosis most commonly affects what part of the GI tract?
Small intestine, with valvulae thickening and mucosal granularity.
Causes of Booerrhaave’s syndrome?
Endoscopy. Seizures. Coughing. Asthma. Childbirth. Severe straining. Blunt trauma.
CREST?
Subcutaneous Calcinosis. Raynaud’s phenomenon. Esophageal dysfunction. Sclerodactyly. Telangiectasia.
Insulinoma facts?
90% benign. small less than 2 cm. Most difficult to detect on imaging.
Gastrinoma facts?
Major cause of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. MEN-1 syndrome. 60% Malignant. Ectopic locations outside pancreas.
Nonfunctioning islet cell tumor facts?
3rd most common islet cell tumor. Generally malignant. Larger. Necrotic on imaging studies.
Causes of ischemic bowel?
Low flow states (shock, major surgery, cardiac abnormality). Atherosclerosis (chronic). Embolism (acute). Venous occlusion (mesenteric venous occlusive disease).
Major inflammatory processes that affect the terminal ileum?
Crohn’s disease. Tuberculosis. Yersiniosis.
Distinguishing features between Crohn’s disease and Yersiniosis?
Yersiniosis: lacks lumen narrowing, lacks deep ulceration, short, self-limited course, heals without scarring.
Benign splenic tumors and CT characteristics?
Hemangioma and lymphangioma (hypodense to splenic tissue, may calcify). Hamartoma (isodense to splenic tissue).
Syndrome of generalized angiomatosis?
Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome.
Define pseudopolyp, cobblestoning, and post-inflammatory polyp?
Pseudopolyp: island of normal or edematous mucosa surrounded by ulcerated or denuded mocusa. Cobblestoning: normal mucosa surrounded by linear ulceration (Crohn’s disease). Postinflammatory polyp: regenerating normal mucosa.
FAPS (Gardner’s type) effect on the mesentery?
Mesenteric fibromatosis.
Causes of portal venous gas?
Infarcted bowel. Ulcers. Acute bowel dilation. Endoscopy. Necrotizing enterocolitis.
