gastrointestinal system Flashcards
1
Q
mouth
A
or/o
stomat/o
2
Q
gums
A
gingiv/o
3
Q
tooth fairy
A
dent/o
odont/o
4
Q
tongue
A
gloss/o
lingu/o
5
Q
intestines
A
enter/o
6
Q
duodenum
A
duoden/o
first of 3 sections
name means “twelve” (fact that it is length of 12 fingers)
7
Q
jejunum
A
jejun/o
second of the small intestine parts
means “empty” , found empty during dissection
8
Q
ileum
A
ile/o
3rd part of the small intestine, means “groin” and refers to fact it is in lower abdomen
9
Q
colon (large intestine)
A
col/o , colon/o
it starts at the bottom of abdomen
has ascending ^, colon, the transverse >< colon, and the descending colon (going down)
10
Q
sigmoid colon
A
sigmoid/o
at the end of the colon before the rectum starts
11
Q
rectum
A
rect/o
means “straight” , final portion of the colon before it arrives at the anus
12
Q
anus
A
an/o
spinchter or muscle at the end of the intestines that allow passage for feces
13
Q
anus and rectum
A
proct/o
ano (anus), recto (rectum)
procto includes both of these terms
14
Q
what is the role of the liver?
A
gets rid of dangerous toxins, role in energy storage makes substance to break down fat in GI tract called bile
15
Q
where is bile sent off to?
A
the small intestine and storage gland called gallbladder
16
Q
what does the pancreas do?
A
it makes chemicals known as enzymes that break apart proteins, fats and carbs
17
Q
saliva
A
sial/o
necessary to taste food
18
Q
bile (gall)
A
bil/i , chol/e
required for the body to digest food
19
Q
abdomen
A
abdomin/o , celi/o, lapar/o
20
Q
bladder
A
cyst/o
21
Q
once bile is produced in the liver, where does it get stored?
A
in the gallbladder
22
Q
duct
A
doch/o
23
Q
pancreas
A
pancreat/o
24
Q
peritoneum
A
peritone/o
lines the abdominal cavity and organs
peri means around teneo means stretch
25
what is the objective magnification of the scanning, low dry and high dry conditions of the microscope?
4x, 10x, 40x
26
aerodontalgia
aer/odont/algia
air/tooth/pain
tooth pain caused by exposure to air
27
aphagia
a/phagia
no/eat
inability to eat
28
dentalgia
dent/algia
tooth/pain
tooth pain
29
dyspepsia
dys/peps/ia
bad/digestion/condition
bad digestion
30
eupepsia
eu/pep/sia
good/digestion/condition
good digestion
31
gastralgia
gastr/algia
stomach pain
32
gingivalgia
gingiv/algia
gum/pain
gum pain
33
gingiviostomatitis
gingivio/stomat/itis
gum/mouth/inflammation
inflammation of the mouth and gums
34
hematemesis
hemat/emesis
blood/vomiting
vomiting blood
35
hyperemesis
hyper/emesis
over/vomiting
excessive vomiting
36
stomatitis
stomat/itis
mouth/inflammation
inflammation of the mouth
37
stomatodynia
stomato/dynia
mouth/pain
mouth pain
38
dysentery 💩
dys/enter/y
bad/intestine/condition
another name for diarrhea
39
enterodynia
entero/dynia
intestine/pain
pain in the intestines
40
hemorrhoid
inflammation of the veins surrounding the anus
41
cholecystalgia
chole/cyst/algia
bile/bladder/pain
pain in the gallbladder
42
icterus
another name for jaundice
43
siallorrhea
sialo/rrhea
saliva/excessive discharge
excessive salivation
44
gastroparesis
gastro/paresis
stomach/partial paralysis
partial paralysis of the stomach
45
gingivoglossitis
gingivo/gloss/itis
gum/tongue/inflammation
inflammation of the gums and tongue
46
glossopegia
glosso/pegia
tongue/paralysis
paralysis of the tongue
47
odontoclasis
odonto/clasis
tooth/break
breaking of a tooth
48
stomatogastric
stomato/gastr/ic
mouth/stomach/pertaining to
pertaining to the mouth and stomach
49
stomatosis
stomat/osis
mouth/condition
mouth condition
50
anophony
ano/phony
anus/sound
sound from the anus
51
flatus
medical term for passing gas
52
steatorrhea
steato/rrhea
fat/discharge
excessive fat discharged in the feces
53
biligenesis
bili/genesis
bile/creation
formation of bile
54
cholelith
chole/lith
bile/stone
gallstone ; literally a “stone in the bile”
55
sialoangiectasis
sialo/angi/ectasis
saliva/vessel/expansion
over expansion of the salivary muscles
56
cholangiogram
chol/angio/gram
bile/vessel/record
record of the bile vessels (ducts)
57
cholangiography
chol/angio/graphy
bile/vessel/writing procedure
procedure for mapping the bile vessels (ducts)
58
cholecystogram
chole/cysto/gram
bile/bladder/record
record of the bile (gall) bladder
59
anosigmoidoscopy
ano/sigmoido/scopy
anus/sigmoid/looking procedure
procedure for looking at the anus and sigmoid colon
60
laparascope
laparo/scope
abdomen/instrument to look
instrument for looking inside the abdomen
61
proctoscope
procto/scope
anus/rectum/instrument to look
instrument for looking at the anus and rectum
62
dentifrice
denti/frice
tooth/rub
toothpaste
63
proctologist
procto/logist
anus/rectum/specialist
specialist in the anus, rectum and colon
64
epigastric
epi/gastr/ic
upon/stomach/pertaining to
upper center portion of the abdomen
65
hypochondriac
hypo/chondr/iac
beneath/cartilage/pertaining to
upper side portions of the abdomen
66
hypogastric
hypo/gastr/ic
beaneath/stomach/pertaining to
lower center portion of the abdomen
67
inguinal
inguin/al
groin/pertaining to
lower side portions of the abdomen
68
lumbar
lumb/ar
loin/pertaining to
middle side portions of the abdomen
69
umbilical
umbilic/al
belly button/pertaining to
middle center portion of the abdomen
70
gastroenteritis
gastro/enter/itis
stomach/intestine/inflammation
inflammation of the stomach, intestines
71
gingival hyperplasia
gingiv/al/hyper/plasia
gum/pertaining to/over/formation
over formation of gum tissue
72
glossopathy
glosso/pathy
tongue/disease
disease of the tongue
73
glossotrichia
glosso/trich/ia
tongue/hair/condition
overdevelopment of bumps on the tongue, making the tongue appear to be hairy
74
periodontitis
peri/odont/itis
around/tooth/inflammation
inflammation of region around the teeth
75
pyloric stenosis
pylor/ic/sten/osis
gatekeeper/pertaining to/narrowing/condition
narrowing of the spinchter at the base of the stomach
76
stomatomycosis
stomato/myc/osis
mouth/fungus/condition
fungus condition of the mouth
77
stomatosis
stomat/osis
mouth/condition
mouth condition
78
eneterocele
entero/cele
intestine/hernia
hernia of the intestines
79
fistula
any abnormal passageway in the body that shouldn’t be there
80
anal fistula
an/al fistula
anus/pertaining to
pipe
abnormal opening between the rectum and the external perianal skin
81
ileitis
ile/itis
ileum/inflammation
inflammation of the ileum
82
proctitis
proct/itis
anus/rectum/inflammation
inflammation of the anus and rectum
83
proctopsis
procto/ptosis
anus/rectum/drooping condition
downward displacement of the rectum and anus
84
celiomyositis
celio/myos/itis
abdomen/muscle/inflammation
inflammation of the abdominal muscle
85
cholangitis
chol/ang/itis
bile/vessel/inflammation
inflammation of the bile vessels/ducts
86
cholecystitis
chole/cyst/itis
bile/bladder/inflammation
inflammation of the bile/gallbladder
87
choledochocele
chole/docho/cele
bile/duct/tumor
hernia of the common bile duct
88
choledocholithiasis
chole/docho/lith/iasis
bile/duct/stone/presence
presence of a stone in a common bile duct
89
cholelithiasis
chole/lith/iasis
bile/stone/presence
presence of a gallstone
90
cirrhosis
liver disease named for the change of color in the liver
91
lapaocele
laparo/cele
Abdomen/tumor
Abdominal hernia
92
sialolithisis
sialo/lith/iasis
saliva/stone/presence
presence of salivary stones
93
cholangioma
chol/angi/ioma
bile/vessel/tumor
tumor of the bile vessels (ducts)
94
antacid
ant/acid
against/acid
agent that neutralizes acid
95
antiemetic
anti/emet/ic
against/vomiting/pertaining to
agent that prevents or relieves nausea or vomiting
96
cathartic
cathart/ic
cleansing/pertaining to
agent that produces bowel movements
97
sialgogic
sial/agog/ic
saliva/leading/pertaining to
agent that causes salivation
98
gastroenteroostomy
gastro/entero/stomy
stomach/intestine/opening
creation of an opening between the stomach and the intestines
99
anastomosis
ana/stom/osis
up/out/mouth/condition
creation of an opening; a sx procedure connecting two previously unconnected hollow tubes
100
hemicolectomy
hemi/col/ectomy
half/colon/removal
sx removal of half a portion of the colon
101
heniorrhappy
hernio/rrhapy
hernia/suture
suture of a hernia
102
ileocolostomy
ileo/colo/stomy
ileum/colon/opening
creation of an opening between the ileum and the colon
103
PROCTO prefix means what?
rectum and anus
104
rectopexy
recto/pexy
rectum/fixation
sx fixation of the rectum
105
abdominocentesis
abdomino/centesis
abdomen/puncture
puncture of the abdomen (usually for the purpose of withdrawing fluid)
106
CELIO means what?
abdomen
107
cholangiogastrotomy
chol/angio/gastro/stomy
bile/vessel/stomach/opening
creation of an opening between the bile vessel (ducts) and the stomach
108
cholecystectomy
chole/cyst/ectomy
bile/bladder/removal
sx removal of the bile (gall) bladder
109
choledochoenterostomy
chole/docho/entero/stomy
bile/duct/intestine/opening
creation of an opening between (common) bile duct and the intestine
110
chole and docho meanings? prefixes?
bile and duct
111
cholelithitripsy
chole/litho/trips/y
bile/stone/rub/procedure
crushing of bile (gall) stones
112
laparoenterostomy
laparo/entero/stomy
abdomen/intestine/opening
creation of an opening between the abdomen and the intestines
113
laparoscopic sx
laparo/scop/ic
abdomen/look/pertaining to
use of a laparoscope to perform minimally invasive sx
114
sialodenectomy
sialo/aden/ectomy
saliva/gland/removal
sx removal of a salivary gland
115
stomato prefix means what?
mouth
116
BE
barium enema
117
BM
bowel movement
118
CCE
cholecystectomy
119
EGD
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
120
ERCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
121
EUS
endoscopic ultrasound
122
FOBT
fecal occult blood test
123
HAV, HBV, HCV
Hep A, Hep B, Hep C
124
LFT
liver function test
125
NGT
nasogastric tube
126
NPO
nothing by mouth (nihil per OS)
127
N&V
nausea and vomiting
128
PEG
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostromy
129
PEJ
percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy
130
PUD
peptic ulcer disease
131
RLQ
right lower quadrant
132
RUQ
right upper quadrant
133
LLQ
left lower quadrant
134
LUQ
left upper quadrant
135
UGI
upper gastrointestinal
