Gastrointestinal system

Question 1

what do we need to be careful for when performing a colonoscopy?

Answer 1

V/S - vasovagal response ( ⬇️BP & HR)

Question 2

What does aphthous stomatitis mean?

Answer 2

canker sores

Question 3

what does candidiasis mean?

Answer 3

yeast/fungal infection (thrush)

Question 4

2 nursing interventions/care for hiatal hernias?

Answer 4

• HOB ⬆️

- avoid HS snacking; no supine 1hr after eating

Question 5

S/S of a hiatal hernia?

Answer 5

• none, if small

- heartburn, feeling full reflux, if large

Question 6

5 foods to avoid when a hiatal hernia is present:

Answer 6

• spicy food
• chocolate
• coffee
• alcohol
• menthol

Question 7

what does fundoplication mean?

Answer 7

part of the stomach wraps around the hernia

Question 8

What does GERD mean?

Answer 8

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Question 9

what is gastritis & the concern with it?

Answer 9

inflammation of stomach mucosa.

- That is will turn to an ulcer

Question 10

4 S/S of gastritis?

Answer 10

• epigastric pain
• nausea
• anorexia
• heartburn

Question 11

3 Tx for gastritis?

Answer 11

• antacids
• diet
• antibiotics (H.Pylori)

Question 12

what is peptic ulcer disease? (WILL be cancerous)

Answer 12

pepsin, a type of acid is in the stomach causing erosion

Question 13

Peptic ulcer disease is usually caused by a bacteria called _.______.

Answer 13

H.Pylori

Question 14

Barrett’s Disease is a peptic ulcer in the ________.

Answer 14

esophagus

Question 15

Gastric CA is often mistaken for _____ _____; it is the 2nd most common CA

Answer 15

peptic ulcers

Question 16

a pyloroplasty repairs __________ of the _______ sphincter.

Answer 16

narrowing

pyloric

Question 17

if a PT has a fever, ⬆️ WBCs, & pain in RLQ, they may have ____________.

Answer 17

appendicitis

Question 18

is peritonitis life-threatening?

Answer 18

yes - it is caused by leakage into the peritoneum

Question 19

an epinepherine injection can be given to a PT with diverticulitis to help with vaso_________.

Answer 19

vasoconstriction

Question 20

Inguinal, Umbilical, & Incisional are all types of _________ hernias.

Answer 20

abdominal

Question 21

what is the worry with abdominal hernias? (emergency)

Answer 21

strangulation

Question 22

what are 2 types of IBD? (multiple choice)
A) Celiac & Colitis
B) Colitis & Lactose Intolerant
C) Colitis & Crohn's 
D) Crohn's & Celiac

Answer 22

C - Colitis & Crohn’s

Question 23

ulcerative IBD is known as

Answer 23

colitis

Question 24

IBD & IBS stand for

Answer 24

IBD - Inflammatory Bowel Disease

IBS - Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Question 25

4 s/s of IBD? (issues with absorption & inflammation)

Answer 25

- diarrhea - wt loss - bloody diarrhea - pain

Question 26

2 S/S of IBS? (appears like IBD)

Answer 26

- diarrhea | - pain

Question 27

tx for absorption disorders? (IBD/IBS)

Answer 27

- antibiotics | - steroids (reduces inflammation)

Question 28

The most common cause of small bowel obstructions? (HINT: glue)

Answer 28

adhesion of the bowel

Question 29

what does volvulus mean?

Answer 29

twisting of the bowel

Question 30

what does intussusception mean?

Answer 30

telescoping of bowels (flip over each other)

Question 31

3 S/S of a small bowel obstruction?

Answer 31

- fecal emesis - absent BS - dehydration (loss of fluid & E+)

Question 32

4 Tx for small bowel obstruction? | (N.N.I.S)

Answer 32

- NPO - NG tube - IV - Surgery

Question 33

``` Where is a large bowel obstruction most common? (multiple choice) A) transverse colon B) ascending colon C) descending colon D) sigmoid colon ```

Answer 33

D - sigmoid colon

Question 34

Colon CA (polyps) originates in the epithelial lining of colon/rectum. What are 2 S/S?

Answer 34

- change in bowel habits | - blood/mucus in stools

Question 35

When is an ileostomy used?

Answer 35

when the colon (lrg bowel) is removed

Question 36

there are 2 types of an ileostomy; conventional & continent - explain them

Answer 36

conventional - continuous flow; ileum @ surface (liquidy) | continent - catheter into stoma 3/4x a day