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Gastrointestinales & Gentourinary System Flashcards

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1
Q

Esophagus

A

Ösophagus

Speiseröhre

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2
Q

Cystic duct

A

Ductus Cysticus

Gallenblasengang

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3
Q

Common hepatic duct

A

Ductus hepaticus
communis

Lebergang

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4
Q

The common bile duct

A

Ductus
Choledochus

Hauptgallengang

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5
Q

bile ducts

A

Ductus Biliferus

Gallengänge

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6
Q

peritoneum
is a membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the organs within it. It helps to support the abdominal organs and provides a smooth surface that reduces friction between the organs as they move.

A

Peritoneum

Bauchfell

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7
Q

pylorus
lower part of the stomach that connects to the duodenum

A

Pylorus

Magenpförtner

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8
Q

Duodenum

A

Duodenum

Zwölffingerdarm

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9
Q

Jejunum

A

Jejunum

Leerdarm

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10
Q

Ileum

A

Ileum

Krummdarm

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11
Q

Caecum

A

Zäkum

Blinddarm

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12
Q

appendix

A

Appendix

Wurmfortsatz

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13
Q

Colon

A

Kolon

Grimmdarm

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14
Q

Rectum

A

Rektum

Mastdarm

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15
Q

Sigmoid colon

A

Sigma

Teil des Dickdarms

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16
Q

Anus

A

Anus

After

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17
Q

Sphincter

A

Sphinkter

Schließmuskel

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18
Q

pancreas

A

Pankreas

Bauchspeicheldrüse

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19
Q

Mesentery
fold of tissue that attaches the intestines to the posterior abdominal wall. It provides support and contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics that supply the intestines. The mesentery helps stabilize the position of the intestines while allowing for their movement.

A

Mesenterium

Gekröse

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20
Q

Lesser omentum
is a fold of peritoneum that extends from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum. It plays a role in providing support and containing blood vessels and lymphatics for these organs.

A

Omentum minus

Kleines Netz

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21
Q

Greater omentum
large fold of peritoneum that hangs down from the greater curvature of the stomach and covers the intestines. It functions as a protective layer, helps to insulate the abdominal organs, and plays a role in immune response and fat storage.

A

Omentum majus

Größes Netz

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22
Q

intestines

A

Entere

Zum Darm gehörend

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23
Q

Gastroscopy

A

Gastroskopie

Magenspiegelung

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24
Q

Colonoscopy

A

Koloskopie

Darmspiegelung

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25
laparoscopy
Laparoskopie Bauchspiegelung „Bauchspiegelung“; Inspektion der Bauchhöhle mit einem Endoskop
26
proctoscopy
Rektoskopie Mastdarmspiegelung, Enddarmspiegelung
27
polyp
der Polyp / die -en Tumor aus der Schleimhaut eines Hohlorgans hervorwachsender
28
Whipple operation
Whipple-OP Pankreasoperation nach Whipple
29
aphagia
Aphagie Unfähigkeit zu Schlucken Unfähigkeit= inability
30
esophageal varices
Ösophagusvarizen Speiseröhrenkrampfadern
31
gastric diverticulum
Magendivertikel Ausstülpung der Magenwand Ausstülpung= protrusion
32
gastric ulcer
Ulcus ventriculi Magengeschwür
33
duodenal ulcer
Ulcus duodeni Zwölffingerdarmgeschwür
34
peptic ulcer
Ulcus pepticum Geschwür im Magendarmtrakt
35
appendicitis
Appendizitis Wurmfortsatzentzündung Entzündung des Wurmfortsatzes
36
adhesion
Adhäsion Verwachsung
37
Volvulus
Volvulus Darmverdrehung
38
gallstone ileus
Gallensteinileus Darmverschluss aufgrund von Gallensteinen
39
malabsorption
Malabsorption Mangelhafte Aufnahme von Substraten
40
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Colon irritabile Reizdarmsyndrom
41
ulcerative colitis
Colitis ulcerosa Chronische Darmentzündung
42
Crohn’s disease
Crohn-Krankheit Chronische Darmentzündung Morbus Crohn, Enteritis regionalis
43
diverticulosis
Divertikulose Auftreten vieler Schleimhautausstülpungen Auftreten zahlreicher Divertikel
44
hernia
Hernie Eingeweidebruch
45
hiatal hernia
Hiatushernie Krankhafter Durchtritt von Magenanteilen durch das Zwerchfell Durchtritt = passage
46
femoral hernia
Femoralishernie Schenkelhernie
47
diaphragmatic hernia
Zwerchfellhernie Durchtritt von Bauchorganen durch das Zwerchfell
48
reducible
reponierbar (adj) zurückschiebbar (adj)
49
non reducible
nicht reponierbar (adj) nicht zurückschiebbar (adj)
50
incarcerated (adj)
inkarzeriert (adj) Eingeklemmt (adj)
51
strangulated (adj)
Stranguliert (adj) abgeschnürt (adj)
52
esophagitis
Ösophagitis Entzündung der Speiseröhre
53
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
gastroösophageale Refluxkrankheit Entzündung der Speiseröhre aufgrund von Rückfluss der Magensäure
54
Gastritis
Gastritis Magenschleimhautentzündung
55
Peritonitis
Peritonitis Bauchfellentzündung
56
Invagination = intussusception
Invagination (Darm-)Einstülpung
57
duodenal obstruction
Duodenalverschluss Dünndarmverschluss
58
paralytic ileus
Paralytischer Ileus Darmstillstand
59
celiac disease
Zöliakie Glutenunverträglichkeit
60
diverticulitis
Divertikulitis Entzündete Schleimhautausstülpungen Entzündung eines Divertikels
61
meteorism It refers to the condition of excessive gas in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to bloating, distension, and discomfort.
Meteorismus Blähsucht = flatulence
62
anal fissure
Analfissur Afterriss
63
fistula
Fistel Pathologische rohrförmige Verbindung zwischen zwei Hohlorganen
64
rectal prolapse
Rektumprolaps Mastdarmvorfall
65
Colingitis inflammation of the bile ducts
Cholangitis Entzündung der Gallenwege
66
cholelithiasis
Cholelithiasis Gallensteinleiden
67
portal hypertension
Portale Hypertonie Pfortaderhochdruck
68
flatulence It refers to the accumulation of gas in the gastrointestinal tract, which is then expelled through the rectum. Flatulence can cause bloating and discomfort.
Flatulenz Blähung
69
constipation
Obstipation Verstopfung
70
jaundice, icterus
Ikterus Gelbsucht
71
anal abscess
Analabszess Eiteransammlung des Afters Eiter = pus
72
cholecystitis
Cholezystitis Gallenblasenentzündung Entzündung der Gallenblase
73
Liver abscess
Leberabszess Eiteransammlung in der Leber
74
Pancreatitis
Pankreatitis Bauchspeicheldrüsenentzündung
75
melena
Meläna Teerstuhl
76
heartburn
Pyrosis Sodbrennen
77
ileostomy It is a surgical procedure where an opening (stoma) is created in the abdominal wall to divert the ileum (the last part of the small intestine) to the outside of the body. This allows waste to exit the body into a pouch attached to the stoma, bypassing the colon and rectum
Ileostoma Künstlicher Darmausgang
78
gynecomastia It refers to the enlargement of breast tissue in males, which can occur due to hormonal imbalances, medications, or other underlying conditions.
Gynäkomastie Ein- oder doppelseitige Vergrößerung der Brustdrüse beim Mann Einseitige = unilateral Doppelseitige = bilateral
79
pregnancy
Gravidität Schwangerschaft
80
Hydrosalpinx refers to a condition where the fallopian tube is filled with fluid, typically due to blockage or inflammation. This can lead to infertility and pelvic pain.
Hydrosalpinx Ansammlung seröser Flüssigkeit in den Eileitern
81
Hydroureter refers to the dilation or swelling of the ureter due to a build-up of urine. This condition often results from an obstruction in the urinary tract that impedes the normal flow of urine from the kidney to the bladder.
Hydroureter Gestauter Harnleiter gestaut (adj) = congested Harnleiter = ureter
82
hemoglobinuria
Hämoglobinurie Ausscheidung von Blutfarbstoff im Harn Ausscheidung= excretion Harn = urine
83
hirsutism It refers to excessive or abnormal hair growth in women in areas where men typically grow hair, such as the face, chest, or back
Hirsutismus Vermehrte androgenabhängige Behaarung z.B: Bartwuchs bei Frauen
84
intermenstrual refers to the period between menstrual cycles or any symptoms or occurrences happening between menstrual periods.
Intermenstruel Zwischen zwei Regelblutungen Regelblutungen = menstrual periods
85
achalasia
Achalasie Erschlaffung
86
Tenesmus refers to a feeling of incomplete bowel evacuation, often accompanied by pain or cramping
Tenesmus Schmerzhaften Stuhldrang
87
vomiting
Emesis / Vomitus Erbrechen
88
Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis Magendarmgrippe
89
salmonellosis infection caused by Salmonella bacteria, typically leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, fever, and vomiting. It is commonly transmitted through contaminated food or water.
Salmonellose eine Form der Gastroenteritis, die durch Bakterien aus der Gruppe der Salmonellen verursacht wird
90
chicken protein allergy allergic reaction to proteins found in chicken meat, which can cause symptoms such as hives, swelling, abdominal pain, and in severe cases, anaphylaxis.
Hühnerproteinallergie eine Nahrungsmittelallergie, die durch Eiweiß- und Eigelb-Allergene verursacht wird und meist bereits im Säuglingsalter auftritt.
91
mycetismus refers to mushroom poisoning, which occurs after the ingestion of toxic mushrooms. Symptoms can vary widely depending on the type of mushroom but may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and, in severe cases, organ failure.
Myzetismus Pilzintoxikation
92
dyspepsia It refers to a group of symptoms associated with discomfort or pain in the upper abdomen, including bloating, nausea, and indigestion.
Dyspepsie Verdauungsstörung
93
antiemetics medications used to prevent or alleviate nausea and vomiting. They are commonly used to manage symptoms related to motion sickness, chemotherapy, and gastrointestinal disorders.
Antiemetika Arzneimittel gegen Übelkeit und Erbrechen
94
antacids
Antizidie Arzneimittel zur Neutralisierung der Magensäure
95
intrauterine device (IUD)
Spirale Ein Verhütungsmittel
96
cholestasis
Cholestase Gallestauung
97
diarrhea
Diarrhoe Durchfall
98
diverticulum
Divertikel Ausstülpung der Wand eines Hohlorgans
99
hepatomegaly
Hepatomegalie Lebervergrößerung
100
hematemesis
Hämatemesis Bluterbrechen
101
hepatopathy
Hepatopathie Lebererkrankung
102
hyperemesis
Hyperemesis übermäßiges und anhaltendes Erbrechen anhaltend (adj) = persistent
103
proctitis
Proktitis Entzündung des Mastdarms
104
sialolithiasis Salivary stone disease
Sialolithiasis Speichelsteinleiden
105
stomatitis
Stomatitis Entzündung der Mundschleimhaut
106
obesity
Adipositas Fettsucht
107
anorexia nervosa
Anorexia nervosa Magersucht
108
ascites
Aszites „Bauchwassersucht“; Ansammlung von Flüssigkeit in der freien Bauchhöhle
109
bulimia
Bulimie Essstörung mit „Fressanfällen“ und provoziertem Erbrechen
110
hemorrhoids
Hämorrhoiden knotenförmige Erweiterungen der Venen im Afters Erweiterungen = Extension
111
colic
Kolik krampfartige Schmerzen durch Kontraktion eines Hohlorgans, z . B . Darm-, Nieren-, Gallenkolik
112
liver cirrhosis
Leberzirrhose bindegewebige Umwandlung und Schrumpfung der Leber mit zunehmendem Funktionsverlust
113
nausea
Nausea Übelkeit, Brechreiz
114
polyposis
Polyposis Vorkommen zahlreicher Polypen
115
Vomitting
Vomitus Erbrechen
116
cholangiography
Cholangiographie Röntgenkontrastdarstellung der Gallengänge
117
cholecystography
Cholezystographie Röntgendarstellung der Gallenblase
118
anastomosis
Anastomose spontane oder künstlich angelegte Verbindung zwischen Hohlorganen, Gefäßen oder Nerven
119
appendectomy
Appendektomie Entfernung des Wurmfortsatzes
120
cholelitholysis
Cholelitholyse medikamentöse Auflösung von Gallensteinen
121
duodenopancreatectomy
Duodenopankreatektomie Entfernung von Zwölffingerdarm und Bauchspeicheldrüse
122
gastroenterostomy
Gastroenterostomie Anlegen einer künstlichen Verbindung zwischen Magen und Dünndarm
123
ileostomy
Ileostomie Anlegen einer künstlichen Verbindung zwischen Dünn- darm und Bauchwand
124
laparotomy
Laparotomie operative Eröffnung der Bauchhöhle
125
Hämokkult-Test Nachweis verborgenen Blutes im Stuhl mittels Teststreifen
126
antacids
Antazida Pharmaka zur Neutralisierung der Magensäure
127
antidiarrhetics
Antidiarrhoika Medikamente gegen Durchfall
128
antiemetics
Antiemetika Mittel gegen Erbrechen
129
emetics
Emetika Brechmittel
130
laxatives
Laxantien Abführmittel
131
hypolipidemics
Lipidsenker Medikamente, die eine Senkung der Konzentration der Blutfette bewirken
132
Ureter
Ureter Harnleiter
133
Urethra
Urethra Harnröhre Röhre = tube
134
Prostate
Prostata Vorsteherdrüse
135
Corpus luteum
Corpus luteum Gelbkörper
136
Uterus
Uterus Gebärmutter
137
cervix
Zervix Gebärmutterhals
138
Endometrium
Endometrium Gebärmutterschleimhaut
139
Placenta
Plazenta Mutterkuchen
140
Vagina
Vagina Scheide
141
Hymen
Hymen Jungfernhäutchen
142
Labia
Labien Schamlippen
143
Scrotum
Skrotum Hodensack
144
Adrenal gland
Adrenal Nebennieren
145
Menarche
Menarche Erste Regelblutung
146
Prenatal
Pränatal Vor der Geburt
147
Menstruation
Menstruation Regelblutung
148
uterine fibroid benign tumor that grows in the muscle tissue of the uterus. Uterine fibroids can vary in size and number and may cause symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and pressure on the bladder or rectum.
Uterusmyom Gutartiger Tumor der Muskulator der Gebärmutter
149
Oophoritis inflammation of the ovaries
Oophoritis Entzündung des Eierstocks
150
Salpingitis inflammation of the fallopian tubes
Salpingitis Entzündung eines/beider Eileiter
151
Vaginitis
Vaginitis Scheidenentzündung
152
dyspareunia refers to pain or discomfort experienced during sexual intercourse
Dyspareunie Schmerzen beim Geschlechtsverkehr
153
Menopause refers to the point in time when a woman has not had a menstrual period for 12 consecutive months, marking the end of menstrual cycles.
Klimakterium/Menopause Wechseljahre
154
Hematuria
Hämaturie Blut im Urin
155
pollakiuria refers to the condition of having to urinate frequently, often in small amounts
Pollakisurie Häufiges Wasserlassen
156
dysuria refers to painful or difficult urination, often characterized by a burning sensation
Dysurie Schmerzhaftes Wasserlassen
157
Pyelonephritis infection of the kidney’s renal pelvis and parenchyma, usually caused by bacteria. It typically presents with symptoms such as fever, flank pain, nausea, and vomiting. Pyelonephritis often results from a urinary tract infection that has spread from the bladder to the kidneys.
Pyelonephritis Nierenbeckenentzündung
158
galactorrhea refers to the inappropriate or excessive production of milk from the breasts, unrelated to breastfeeding
Galaktorrhoe Krankhafter Milchfluss
159
uterine prolapse occurs when the uterus descends into or protrudes out of the vaginal canal due to weakened pelvic support structures
Uterusprolaps Gebärmuttersenkung
160
ovarian cyst
Ovarialzyste Gutartiger, flüssigkeitsgefühlter Tumor im Eierstock
161
ovarian torsion medical emergency where the ovary twists around the ligaments that support it, leading to a cut-off in blood supply. This can cause severe abdominal or pelvic pain and requires prompt surgical intervention to prevent damage to or loss of the ovary.
Ovarialtorsion Ovarielle Stieldrehung/Drehung des Eierstocks
162
Vulvitis inflammation of the vulva, the external part of the female genitalia. It can cause symptoms such as itching, redness, swelling, and pain.
Vulvitis Entzündung des Scheideneingangs
163
Vaginismus condition where there is involuntary contraction of the vaginal muscles, making vaginal penetration painful or difficult. This can cause discomfort during intercourse, gynecological exams, or the use of tampons. It can be associated with psychological factors, physical issues, or both.
Vaginismus Scheidenkrampf
164
amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstruation in women of reproductive age. Amenorrhea can be classified as primary (when menstruation has not started by age 15 or 16) or secondary (when menstruation stops after it has begun)
Amenorrhoe Ausbleiben der Regelblutung
165
pyuria refers to the presence of pus or white blood cells in the urine, typically indicating an infection or inflammation in the urinary tract.
Pyurie Eiterharn
166
proteinuria
Proteinurie Eiweiß im Urin
167
nocturia refers to the need to wake up during the night to urinate, which can disrupt sleep
Nykturie nächtliches Wasserlassen
168
hydronephrosis refers to the swelling of a kidney due to a build-up of urine, which occurs when there is an obstruction in the urinary tract that prevents urine from draining properly from the kidney
Hydronephrose Wassersackniere
169
renal abscess
Nierenabszess Eiteransammlung in der Niere
170
Urethritis
Urethritis Harnröhrenentzündung
171
urinary incontinence refers to the involuntary leakage of urine, which can range from occasional minor leaks to complete loss of bladder control
Harninkontinenz Einnässen/Blasenschwäche
172
priapism medical condition characterized by a prolonged and often painful erection that occurs without sexual stimulation or desire
Priapismus Dauererektion des Penis
173
testicular torsion medical emergency where the testicle twists around the spermatic cord, cutting off its blood supply. This condition causes sudden and severe pain, swelling, and requires immediate surgical intervention to prevent permanent damage or loss of the testicle.
Hodentorsion Hodendrehung
174
Epididymitis
Epididymitis Entzündung des Nebenhodens
175
cystitis It is an inflammation of the bladder, often caused by an infection. Symptoms typically include frequent, painful urination, urgency, and lower abdominal discomfort.
Zystitis Blasenentzündung
176
urethral stricture refers to a narrowing of the urethra, which can obstruct the flow of urine and lead to symptoms such as difficulty urinating, a weak urine stream, or frequent urinary tract infections.
Harnröhrenstriktur Verengung der Harnröhre
177
phimosis It refers to a condition where the foreskin of the penis cannot be retracted over the glans (head) of the penis. This can cause difficulty with urination, pain, and increased risk of infections.
Phimose Vorhautverengung
178
hydrocele It is a condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the sac surrounding the testicle, leading to swelling in the scrotum
Hydrozele Hodenwasserbruch
179
Orchitis
Orchitis Hodenentzündung
180
prostatic hyperplasia or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Prostatahyperplasie Vergrößerung der Prostata
181
anovulatory It describes a condition where the ovaries do not release an egg during the menstrual cycle. This can lead to irregular or absent menstrual periods and can impact fertility.
Anovulatorisch Ohne Eisprung
182
Endometriosis condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterus. This can cause pain, irregular bleeding, and fertility problems
Endometriosis Gutartige Erkrankung, bei der Gebärmutterschleimhaut außerhalb der Gebärmutterhöhle vorkommt
183
miscarriage spontaneous loss of a pregnancy before the fetus can survive outside the uterus, typically occurring before the 20th week of gestation.
Abort Fehlgeburt
184
ectopic pregnancy
Ektope Gravidität Extrauterinschwangerschaft
185
gonorrhea sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Gonorrhoe Tripper
186
orchiectomy surgical procedure to remove one or both testicles, often performed to treat testicular cancer
Orchiektomie Hodenentfernung
187
cystoscopy medical procedure in which a cystoscope, a thin tube with a camera and light, is inserted into the urethra and advanced into the bladder
Zystoskopie Blasenspiegelung
188
hemodialysis medical procedure used to filter waste and excess fluids from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform this function adequately
Hämodialyse Blutwäsche
189
hysterectomy surgical procedure to remove the uterus
Hysterektomie Gebärmutterentfernung
190
in vitro fertilization (IVF)
In-Vitro-Fertilisation Künstliche Befruchtung
191
cesarean section” (or “C-section”)
Kaiserschnitt Abdominale Schnittentbindung
192
diuretics
Diuritika Harntreibendes Mittel
193
Kontrazeptivum
Kontrazeptivum Verhütungsmittel
194
urinary tract
Harntrakt
195
Kidney
Ren Niere
196
glomeruli
Glomeruli
197
urine
Urin
198
renal pelvis
Pelvis renalis Nierenbecken
199
urinary blad­der
Vesica urinaria Harnblase
200
micturition
Miktion Blasenentleerung
201
testicles / testes
Testes Hoden
202
epididymides
Epididymides Nebenhoden
203
penis
Penis Gliedes
204
semen
Samen
205
sperms / spermatozoa
Samenzellen Spermien
206
penile erection
Erektion Gliedsteife
207
male fertility
männliche Zeugungskraft
208
male reproductive system fema­le reproductive system
männlichen Geschlechtsorganen weiblichen Geschlechtsorganen
209
ovaries
Ovarien Eierstöcke
210
oocyte
Ovum Eizelle
211
fallopian tube
Tuba uterina benachbarten Eileiters
212
mammary gland, female breast
Mamma Brust
213
nipp­le
Papilla mammaria Mamille
214
proges­terones
Progesterone
215
estrogens
Östrogene
216
testosterone
Testosteron
217
anorchism
Anorchie angeborenes Fehlen der Hoden
218
aspermia
Aspermie fehlende Samenzellen im Erguss
219
cryptorchidism
Kryptorchismus Zurückbleiben der Hoden im Abdomen oder im Leistenkanal
220
orchitis
Orchitis Hodenentzündung
221
prostatic cancer
Prostatakarzinom bösartiger Tumor der Vorsteherdrüse
222
seminoma
Seminom bösartiger Hodentumor
223
Cycle abnormalities
Zyklusanomalien

Medizin (9 decks)

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