gastrulation and axes formation

Question 1

what are the 6 stages of dvpmt ?

Answer 1

• cell division
• pattern emergence
• changes in morphology
• cell differentiation
• growth
• death

Question 2

define involution

Answer 2

infolding in of cell sheet over basal surface of outer layer embryo

Question 3

define invagination

Answer 3

infolding of cell sheet on itself

Question 4

define ingression

Answer 4

migration of individual cells into embryo

Question 5

define delamination

Answer 5

splitting of 1 cell sheet into 2 cell sheet

Question 6

define epiboly

Answer 6

expansion of one cell sheet over other cell (layers; ectoderm out)

Question 7

define condensation

Answer 7

mesenchymal cells become epithelial

Question 8

define epithelial dispersion

Answer 8

epithelial become mesenchymal

Question 9

what is epithelial delamination

Answer 9

parts of epithelial cells move out to become mesenchymal cells

Question 10

what is epithelial cell migration

Answer 10

rows of epithelia merge to form fewer rows

Question 11

what is epithelial migration

Answer 11

cells move to form outer layer

Question 12

what are the 5 steps of signal transduction path

Answer 12

1 - receptor activation
2- TFactor activation
3- nuclear localisation
4- chromatin decompaction
5- coupled initiation and 5’ capping

Question 13

what is five roles of Wnt

Answer 13

• need for internal expression of female characteristics
• posterior portion of axes formation in gastrula
• helps penis form in males
• contributes to distalisation of limbs
• dorsal factor for hand