GCSE Biology Unit 6 Flashcards:

Question 1

Draw And Label The Diagram Of A Leaf.

Question 2

What Are The 2 Epidermal Tissues?

Answer 2

. Waxy Cuticle.
. Guards Cells And Stomata.

Question 3

What Is The Role Of The Waxy Cuticle And The Guard Cells And Stomata.

Answer 3

Waxy Cuticle- Reduces Water Loss From The Leaf.
Guard Cells And Stomata- Guard Cells Open And Close The Stomata To Control Water Loss And Gas Exchange, (Oxygen And Carbon Dioxide.

Question 4

Define Palisade Cells And Their Job.

Answer 4

Cells Located In The Palisade Mesophyll Near The Top Surface Of The Leaf Packed With Chloroplasts That Contain Chlorophyll. Both Of These Adaptions Maximize Photosynthesis.

Question 5

Define Spongy Mesophyll And It’s Role.

Answer 5

Air Spaces In The Leaves Between Cells That Have An Increased Surface Area For Gas Exchange So That Carbon Dioxide Can Diffuse Into Photosynthesizing Cells.

Question 6

Define Xylem And It’s Role.

Answer 6

Hollow Tubes Strengthened By Lignin That Is Adapted For Water In The Transpiration Steam. This Allows Transport Of Water And Mineral Ions From The Roots To The Stem And The Leaves.

Question 7

Define Phloem And It’s Role.

Answer 7

A Cell Sap That Moves From One Phloem Cell To The Next Through Pores In The End Walls.- Transports Dissolved Sugars From The Leaves To The Rest Of The Plant For Immediate Use Or Storage, (Translocation).

Question 8

Define Meristem Tissue And It’s Role.

Answer 8

New Cells Are Made Here Including Root Hair Cells. - Root Hair Cells Have An Increased Surface Area For The Uptake Of Water By Osmosis And Mineral Ions By Active Transport.

Question 9

Define Transpiration.

Answer 9

The Rate At Which Water Is Lost From The Leaves Of A Plant.

Question 10

Define Transpiration Steam.

Answer 10

The Column Of Water Moving Through The Stem, Leaves And Roots Of A Plant.

Question 11

Which Factors Affect The Rate Of Transpiration?

Answer 11

Temperature, Humidity, Air Movement, Light Intensity.

Question 12

Draw And Label A Diagram For Phloem.

Question 13

Draw And Label A Diagram For Xylem.

Question 14

Draw And Label A Diagram For A Plant.

Question 15

Draw And Label A Diagram For A Plant Cell.

Question 16

Define Translocation.

Answer 16

The Movement Of Materials In Plants From The Leaves To The Other Parts Of The Plant.

Question 17

Which Factors Affect The Rate Of Translocation?

Answer 17

Light, Temperature, Water Availability, Nutrient Concentration.

Question 18

State The Word And Balanced Symbol Equation For Photosynthesis.

Answer 18

Carbon Dioxide + Water -> Glucose + Oxygen.
CO2 + H2O -> O2 + C6 H12 O6
(Light Above The Arrow For Both Equations).

Question 19

How Does Temperature Affect The Rate Of Photosynthesis?

Answer 19

If The Temperature Of The Environment That The Plant Is In Increases, The Rate Of Photosynthesis Also Increases As There Is More Energy For The Chemical Reaction.

Question 20

How Can Temperature Be A Limiting Factor Of Photosynthesis?

Answer 20

Photosynthesis Is An Enzyme Controlled Reaction. If The Temperature Increases Too Much, The Enzymes Will Become Denatured And The Rate Of Reaction Will Decrease And Stop.

Question 21

How Does Light Intensity Affect The Rate Of Photosynthesis?

Answer 21

Light Intensity Decreases As The Distance Between The Plant And Light Sources Increases. As Light Intensity Increases So Does The Rate Of Photosynthesis As More Energy Is Available For The Chemical Reaction.

Question 22

How Can Light Intensity Be A Limiting Factor Of Photosynthesis?

Answer 22

As Light Intensity Increases So Does The Rate Of Photosynthesis Until A Certain Point Where The Graph Levels Off. At Lower Light Intensities, Light Is The Limiting Factor Because An Increase In Light Causes An Increase In Photosynthesis.

Question 23

How Does Carbon Dioxide Affect The Rate Of Photosynthesis?

Answer 23

Carbon Dioxide Is Needed For Plants To Make Glucose. The Rate Of Photosynthesis Will Increase When A Plant Is Given Higher Concentrations Of Carbon Dioxide. (Up To One Point).

Question 24

How Does Carbon Dioxide Limit The Rate Of Photosynthesis?

Answer 24

As Carbon Dioxide Concentrations Increase, So Does The Rate Of Photosynthesis Until A Certain Point Where The Graph Levels Off. At Lower Carbon Dioxide Concentrations Carbon Dioxide Is The Limiting Factor Because An Increase In Carbon Dioxide Causes An Increase In Photosynthesis.

Question 25

How Does The Amount Of Chlorophyll Affect The Rate Of Photosynthesis?

Answer 25

Chlorophyll Is A Photosynthetic Pigment That Absorbs Light And Allows The Reaction Between Water And Carbon Dioxide To Occur.

Question 26

How Does The Amount Of Chlorophyll Limit The Rate Of Photosynthesis?

Answer 26

As The Amount Of Chlorophyll Increases, More Light Can Be Trapped By The Chloroplasts In Order To Drive The Reaction. However, Once There Is A Certain Amount Of Chlorophyll, It Will No Longer Be A Limiting Factor And The Values Of Other Factors Will Limit The Rate Of The Reaction.

Question 27

State The Word And Balanced Symbol Equation For Glucose.

Answer 27

Word:
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy
Symbol, (Balanced):
C6H12O6

Question 28

State 3 Ways In Which Growers Can Balance The Economics Of Additional Costs Of Controlling The Conditions To Maximize Photosynthesis With Making A Profit?

Answer 28

Heating- Used To Provide Optimum Temperatures For Maximum Plant Growth.
Artificial lighting
Enhances The Natural Sunlight Especially Overnight And On Cloudy Days.
Extra Carbon Dioxide- Gas Can Be Pumped Into The Air Inside The Greenhouse.

Question 29

State Two Differences Between Transpiration Stream And Translocation.

Answer 29

. Transpiration is the evaporation of water from the leaves in the form of water vapor whereas translocation is the transportation of synthesized products (sugars)in a plant.
. Transpiration always occurs against the gravity while translocation does not always occur against gravity.

Question 30

How Are Alveoli And Villi Adapted To Increase Absorption?

Answer 30

Villi are adapted for the maximum absorption of digested food molecules because: The folded villi greatly increase the surface area of the intestine . The villi are made of a single layer of thin cells (one cell thick) so there is a short diffusion path