GCSE definitions CSV

Question 1

Aerobic

Answer 1

‘With oxygen’. If exercise is not too fast and is steady, the heart can supply all the oxygen muscles need.

Question 2

Agility

Answer 2

The ability to change the position of the body quickly and to control the movement of the whole body.

Question 3

Anabolic steroids

Answer 3

Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscle growth.

Question 4

Anaerobic

Answer 4

‘Without oxygen’. If exercise is done in short, fast bursts, the heart cannot supply blood and oxygen to muscles as fast as the cells use them.

Question 5

Anorexic

Answer 5

Pertaining to anorexia - a prolonged eating disorder due to loss of appetite.

Question 6

Balance

Answer 6

The ability to retain the body’s centre of mass (gravity) above the base of support with reference to static (stationary), or dynamic (changing), conditions of movement, shape and orientation.

Question 7

Balanced diet

Answer 7

A diet which contains an optimal ratio of nutrients.

Question 8

Beta blockers

Answer 8

Drugs that are used to control heart rate and that have a calming and relaxing effect.

Question 9

Blood pressure

Answer 9

The force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the blood vessels.

Question 10

Body composition

Answer 10

The percentage of body weight which is fat, muscle and bone.

Question 11

Cardiac output

Answer 11

The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute.

Question 12

Cardiovascular fitness

Answer 12

The ability to exercise the entire body for long periods of time.

Question 13

Competence

Answer 13

The relationship between: skill, the selection and application of skills,

Question 14

Coordination

Answer 14

The ability to use two or more body parts together.

Question 15

Diuretics

Answer 15

Drugs that elevate the rate of bodily urine excretion.

Question 16

Ectomorph

Answer 16

A somatotype, individuals with narrow shoulders and narrow hips,

Question 17

Endomorph

Answer 17

A somatotype, individuals with wide hips and narrow shoulders,

Question 18

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 18

A type of peptide hormone that increases the red blood cell count.

Question 19

Exercise

Answer 19

A form of physical activity done to maintain or improve health and/or

Question 20

Fitness

Answer 20

The ability to meet the demands of the environment.

Question 21

FITT

Answer 21

Frequency, intensity, time, type (used to increase the amount of work

Question 22

Flexibility

Answer 22

The range of movement possible at a joint.

Question 23

Health

Answer 23

A state of complete mental, physical and social wellbeing, and not merely

Question 24

Healthy, active lifestyle

Answer 24

A lifestyle that contributes positively to physical, mental and social

Question 25

Heart rate

Answer 25

The number of times the heart beats each minute.

Question 26

Individual differences/needs

Answer 26

Matching training to the requirements of an individual.

Question 27

Isometric contractions

Answer 27

Muscle contraction which results in increased tension but the length does

Question 28

Isotonic contraction

Answer 28

Muscle contraction that results in limb movement.

Question 29

Joint

Answer 29

A place where two or more bones meet.

Question 30

Mesomorph

Answer 30

A somatotype, individuals with wide shoulders and narrow hips,

Question 31

Methods of training

Answer 31

Interval training, continuous training, circuit training, weight training,

Question 32

Muscular endurance

Answer 32

The ability to use voluntary muscles many times without getting tired.

Question 33

Muscular strength

Answer 33

The amount of force a muscle can exert against a resistance.

Question 34

Narcotic analgesics

Answer 34

Drugs that can be used to reduce the feeling of pain.

Question 35

Obese

Answer 35

A term used to describe people who are very overfat.

Question 36

Overfat

Answer 36

A way of saying you have more body fat than you should have.

Question 37

Overload

Answer 37

Fitness can only be improved through training more than you

Question 38

Overweight

Answer 38

Having weight in excess of normal (not harmful unless accompanied by

Question 39

Oxygen debt

Answer 39

The amount of oxygen consumed during recovery above that which

Question 40

PAR-Q

Answer 40

Physical activity readiness questionnaire.

Question 41

PEP

Answer 41

Personal Exercise Programme.

Question 42

Peptide hormones

Answer 42

Drugs that cause the production of other hormones.

Question 43

Performance

Answer 43

How well a task is completed.

Question 44

Physical activity

Answer 44

Any form of exercise or movement; physical activity may be planned and

Question 45

Power

Answer 45

The ability to do strength performances quickly (power = strength x

Question 46

Progressive overload

Answer 46

To gradually increase the amount of overload so that fitness gains occur,

Question 47

Reaction time

Answer 47

The time between the presentation of a stimulus and the onset of a

Question 48

Reversibility

Answer 48

Any adaptation that takes place as a consequence of training will be

Question 49

Recovery

Answer 49

The time required for the repair of damage to the body caused by

Question 50

Rest

Answer 50

The period of time allotted to recovery.

Question 51

RICE

Answer 51

Rest, ice, compression, elevation (a method of treating injuries).

Question 52

Self-esteem

Answer 52

Respect for, or a favourable opinion of, oneself.

Question 53

SMART

Answer 53

Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, time-bound.

Question 54

Somatotypes

Answer 54

Classification of body type.

Question 55

Specificity

Answer 55

Matching training to the requirements of an activity.

Question 56

Speed

Answer 56

The differential rate at which an individual is able to perform a

Question 57

Stimulants

Answer 57

Drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, such as

Question 58

Stroke volume

Answer 58

The volume of blood pumped out of the heart by each ventricle during

Question 59

Target zone

Answer 59

The range within which an individual needs to work for aerobic training to

Question 60

Training

Answer 60

A well-planned programme which uses scientific principles to improve

Question 61

Training thresholds

Answer 61

The boundaries of the target zone.

Question 62

Underweight

Answer 62

Weighing less than is normal, healthy or required.