GCSE Heart Recap Flashcards
What type of blood do arteries carry?
Oxygenated blood
Do arteries travel away from the heart or to the heart?
Away from the heart
Which artery does not carry oxygenated blood?
Pulmonary artery
What type of blood do veins carry?
Deoxygenated blood
Do veins travel away from the heart or to the heart?
To the heart
Which vein does not carry deoxygenated blood?
Pulmonary vein
What do capillaries carry?
Oxygenated blood (containing oxygen and glucose) from arteries to the body’s cells and deoxygenated blood (containing carbon dioxide and waste products) away from the cells to veins.
What are the structural features of veins?
Large lumen, thin muscle wall and collagen fibre layer, low pressure and valves
What are the structural features of arteries?
Small lumen, thick muscle wall and collagen fibre layer, high pressure and no valves
What are the structural features of arteries?
One cell in diameter, carry both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood and large lumen
Why is it important to have a circulatory system?
The body can’t only depend on diffusion due to large surface area : volume ratio
What is transported and transferred in the circulatory system?
Substances such as glucose, amino acids, oxygen, fatty acids, glycerol, hormones, antibodies and carbon dioxide are transported and heat is transferred
Why is the circulatory system called the ‘double’ circulatory system?
Blood enters the heart twice and there are two separate circulation systems: one to the lungs and one to all the organs of the body
What is another word for the movement of blood around the body?
Mass flow
Why is it important to have a left and right side of the heart?
- To keep oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate
- To maximise the amount of oxygen that has to be delivered to tissues and help maintain a high concentration gradient in the lungs
- To generate different pressures (left side has a thicker muscle wall)
