GE ELECT

Question 1

College graduates in the workforce were asked to rank the skills most essential to their career development. What was at the top of their list?

Answer 1

Oral communication

Question 2

 In speaking, you would take your listener systematically, step by step. You would organize your message

Answer 2

• Organizing your thoughts logically

Question 3

we adjust our technique according to our audience

Answer 3

• Tailoring your message to your audience

Question 4

 you carefully build up your story, adjusting your words and tone of voice to get the best effect

Answer 4

• Telling a story for a maximum impact

Question 5

 Whenever you talk with someone, you are aware of that person’s verbal, facial and physical reactions

Answer 5

• Adapting to listener feedback

Question 6

 It usually imposes strict time limitations on the speaker. In most cases, the situation does not allow listeners to interrupt with questions or commentary.

Answer 6

• Public speaking is more highly structured.

Question 7

 Slang, jargon, and bad grammar have little place in public speeches.

Answer 7

• Public speaking requires more formal language

Question 8

(“uh” , “er” , “um”).

Answer 8

vocalized pauses

Question 9

adjust their voices to be heard clearly throughout the audience. They assume a more erect posture.

Answer 9

 Effective public speakers

Question 10

• the anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience

Answer 10

Stage Fright

Question 11

• a zesty, enthusiastic, lively feeling with a slight edge to it
• controlled nervousness that helps a speaker for her or his presentation.

Answer 11

Positive Nervousness

Question 12

6 Ways to Turn Nervousness from a Negative Force into a Positive One

Answer 12

1. Acquire Speaking Experience
2. Prepare, Prepare, Prepare
3. Think positively
4. Use the Power of Visualization.
5. Know that most nervousness is not visible
6. Do not Expect Perfection

Question 13

mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation

Answer 13

 Visualization

Question 14

focused, organized thinking about such things as the logical relationships among ideas, the soundness of evidence, and the differences between fact and opinion.

Answer 14

Critical thinking

Question 15

The Speech Communication Process

Answer 15

• Speaker
• Message
• Channel
• Listener
• Feedback
• Interference
• Situation

Question 16

 Speech communication begins with

Answer 16

• Speaker

Question 17

 It is whatever a speaker communicates to someone else.

Answer 17

• Message

Question 18

 It is the means by which a message is communicated.

Answer 18

• Channel

Question 19

the person who receives the communicated message from the speaker.

Answer 19

• Listener

Question 20

the sum of a person’s knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes.

Answer 20

 Frame of reference

Question 21

the message, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker.

Answer 21

 Feedback

Question 22

 It is anything that impedes the communication of a message.

Answer 22

• Interference

Question 23

2 types of interference

Answer 23

 Internal interference
 External interference

Question 24

 It is the time and place in which speech communication occurs.

Answer 24

• Situation

Question 25

the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs

Answer 25

• Ethics

Question 26

sound ethical decisions involve weighing potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines

Answer 26

• Ethical decision

Question 27

Guidelines of Ethical Speaking

Answer 27

• Make sure your goals are ethically sound • Be fully prepared for each speech • Be honest in what you say • Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language • Put ethical principles into practice

Question 28

It is the use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups.

Answer 28

 Name-calling

Question 29

comes from plagiarius, the Latin word for kidnapper.

Answer 29

Plagiarism

Question 30

• Kinds of Plagiarism

Answer 30

 Global Plagiarism  Patchwork Plagiarism  Incremental Plagiarism

Question 31

Guidelines for Ethical Listening

Answer 31

• Be courteous and attentive • Avoid prejudging the speaker • Maintain the free and open expression of ideas

Question 32

Different types of Listening

Answer 32

 Appreciative Listening  Empathic Listening  Comprehensive Listening  Critical Listening

Question 33

 for pleasure or enjoyment, as we listen to music, to a comedy routine, or to an entertaining speech.

Answer 33

 Appreciative Listening

Question 34

 to provide emotional support for the speaker, as when a psychiatrist listens to a patient or when we lend a sympathetic ear to a friend in distress.

Answer 34

 Empathic Listening

Question 35

 to understand the message of a speaker, as when we attend a classroom lecture or listen to directions for finding a friend’s house

Answer 35

 Comprehensive Listening

Question 36

 to evaluate a message for purposes of accepting or rejecting it, as when we listen to the sales pitch of a used-car dealer or the campaign speech of a political candidate.

Answer 36

 Critical Listening

Question 37

Four Causes of Poor Listening

Answer 37

 Not Concentrating  Listening too hard  Jumping to Conclusions  Focusing on delivery and personal appearance

Question 38

How to become a good listener

Answer 38

 Be an active listener  Resist distractions  Do not be diverted by appearance and delivery  Suspend judgement  Focus your listening  Develop note-taking skills

Question 39

Skilled listeners do not try to absorb a speaker’s every word. Rather, they focus on specific things in a speech.

Answer 39

 Listen for Main Points  Listen for Evidence  Listen for Techniques

Question 40

an outline that briefly notes a speaker’s main points and supporting evidence in rough outline form.

Answer 40

 key-word outline

Question 41

a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas

Answer 41

• Brainstorming

Question 42

• Methods of brainstorming

Answer 42

 Personal Inventory  Clustering  Reference Search  Internet Search

Question 43

the broad goal of a speech

Answer 43

 general purpose

Question 44

Determining the General Purpose

Answer 44

• To Inform • To persuade

Question 45

a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in his/her speech

Answer 45

• Specific purpose

Question 46

a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major ideas of a speech.

Answer 46

central idea

Question 47

what a speaker wants the audience о to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech

Answer 47

o Residual message

Question 48

keeping the audience foremost in mind every step of speech preparation and presentation.

Answer 48

• Audience-centeredness

Question 49

a process in which speakers seek to create a bond with the audience by emphasizing common values, goals, and experience.

Answer 49

• Identification

Question 50

the tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being.

Answer 50

• Egocentrism

Question 51

creating an oversimplified image of a particular group of people, usually by assuming that all members of the group are alike

Answer 51

• Stereotyping

Question 52

looking at demographic traits such as age; gender; sexual orientation; religion; group membership; racial, ethnic, or cultural background; and the like.

Answer 52

demographic audience analysis

Question 53

 identifying the general demographic analysis. features of your audience,  gauging the importance of those features to a particular speaking situation.

Answer 53

demographic audience analysis.

Question 54

demographic traits

Answer 54

• Age • Gender • Sexual Orientation • Racial, Ethnic, and Cultural Background • Religion

Question 55

• situational factors

Answer 55

• Size • Physical Setting • Disposition toward the Topic • Interest • Knowledge • Attitude • Disposition toward the speaker

Question 56

• 3 major types of questions

Answer 56

o Fixed – alternative questions o Scale questions o Open – ended questions

Question 57

major characteristics of audience

Answer 57

o Audience adaptation before the speech o Audience adaptation during the speech