Gen Peds Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
When does height velocity begin in girls? In boys?
A
9 years in girls. 11 years in boys
2
Q
when does heigh velocity peak in girls? in boys?
A
11.5 girls 13.5 boys
3
Q
electrolyte abnormalities of MDMA ingestion
A
hyponatremia
4
Q
vital signs changes in MDMA ingestion
A
hyperthermia and respiratory depression
5
Q
signs of opioid withdrawal
A
yawning, restlessness, dysphoria, rhinorrhea, lacrimation, mydriasis, diarrhea, myalgia/arthralgia, tachycardia and systolic hypertension
6
Q
how to fix nursemaids elbow
A
hypertronation and extension
or supinating forearm followed by flexion of the elbow
7
Q
Erb Palsy
A
C5 and C6 injry with adduction and internal rotation with forearm extended
8
Q
Klumpke Palsy are what levels of injury
A
C8-T1
9
Q
Horner syndrome findings
A
miosis, anhidrosis and ptosis
10
Q
What spinal level can cause horner syndrome
A
T1 injury in neonates- klumpke
11
Q
When does the voluntary grasp develops
A
4 months
12
Q
When do infants have pincer grasp
A
10 months
13
Q
When do infants have a fine pincer grasp between fingertips and thumb
A
9-12 months
14
Q
when can infants rake for small objects
A
6 months
15
Q
when can infants transfer object hand to hand
A
6 months
16
Q
when do infants start the scissor grasp. thumb and inside curled index finger
A
8 months
17
Q
when does parachute reflex present and how long does it last
A
presents 6-9 months and lasts throughout life
18
Q
What is the moro reflex
A
holding infant 45 degrees from bed and letting head fall backwards. Arms abduct and extend the flex and adduct.
19
Q
When does moro reflex go away
A
5-6 months
20
Q
When does palmar grasp disappear
A
3 months
21
Q
when does the stepping reflex disappear
A
1-2 months of age
22
Q
what are the live vaccines
A
MMR, MMRV, varicella, rotavirus
23
Q
When can you give vaccines after 14 dys steroids
A
at least 4 weeks after
24
Q
what is the cutoff for giving shots to kids who are taking steroids
A
can give is less than 2mg/kg/day or <20mg/day if greater than 10 kg
25
vernix is present during what weeks gestation
24-38
26
areola is raised but no breast tissue during what weeks gestation
34-35
27
When does cartilage in the ear pinna start to form and spring back ininfants
36-39 weeks
28
when does the pinna remain folded on exam (gestation)
24-31
29
When does lanugo cover the entire body of an infant
until 32 weeks gestation
30
when is lanugo only on the shoulders during gestation
38-41 weeks
31
when do the testes descend into the scrotum in gestation
36-39 weeks
32
When can a child alternate steps one foot at a time
3 years
33
what is gross motor development for 30 month old
jump off the ground with 2 feet up
34
when can children start to balance on 1 foot for up to 10 seconds
4 years old
35
what conditions are associated with avascular necrosis of the hip
hemoglobinopathies, systemic corticosteroid use, connective tissue disorders like rheumatoid, SLE and chronic renal disease
36
signs of late congenital rubella
ocular problems, hearing loss, cardiovascular disease
37
when do slapped cheek rash appear for Parvo
when no longer contagious
38
Gianotti Crosti Syndrome- characteristics
acute illness and small pink papular rash symmetrically distributed usually over face, buttocks and extensor surfaces
39
where are branchial cleft cysts found
sternocleidomastoid
40
where are thyroglossal duct cysts found
midline or slightly off midline
41
What is associated with growth failure later in childhood (after toddler years)
craniopharyngioma
42
how many mL/kg IVF do you give for burns
3mL/kg
43
What are causes of renal vein thrombosis in an infant
birth asphyxia, shock and or sepsis, maternal DM and use of central venous catheters
44
classic triad of renal vein thrombosis
thrombocytopenia, gross hematuria and a unilateral or bilateral flank mass
45
what contraception should a teen with seizures be on?
Depot due to side effects of AEDs with OCPs
46
What AEDs interact with OCPs or other methods of contraception
phenytoin, carbamazepine, primidone, topiramate, oxcarbazepine
47
inheritance of polydactyly
autosomal dominant
48
causes of early hypocalcemia
IGUR, infant of diabetic mother, sepsis, birth asphyxia
49
Which is a risk of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome- minimal change
renal vein thrombosis
50
elevated alpha fetal protein is associated with what malformations
neural tube defects
51
what medications can cause increased risk of neural tube defects
valproate and carbamazepine
52
next step in infant born to mother with active gonorrhea during labor
IM or IV ceftriaxone
53
acute neonatal conjunctivitis in 2-7 day period is most likely what organism
neisseria gonorrhea
54
timing of chlamydial conjunctivits in newborn
5-14 days
55
xray finding of osteochondroma
bony projection with cartilaginous cap
56
sharply marginated eccentric lucency in metaphyseal cortex
metaphyseal fibroma
57
Xray finding: eccentric lytic destruction and expansion of the metaphysis surrounded by rim of sclerotic bone
aneurysmal bone cyst
58
xray findings: oval metaphyseal lucency surrounded by sclerotic bone
osteoid osteoma
59
what is a treatment for acute migraine without aura in a 12 and under age child
rizatriptan
60
what are shockable rhythms?
Vtach and Vfib
61
how can you assess age based off drawing a stick figure
1/4 point per body part with a base of 3
62
discrete firm papules and annular plaques without scales on dorsal surfaces hands, feet wrists and ankles
granuloma annulare
63
heart sound heart with pneumomediastinum
harsh, crunchlike mediastinal systolic sound "hamman sign"
64
at what age can 90% infants voluntarily grasp a rattle
5 months
65
signs of neonatal lupus
bradycardia, plaque skin lesions on areas with sun exposure, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia
66
signs of congenital rubell
cataracts, hearing loss, congenital heart defects
67
infant with fould smelling stools, recurrent infections
shwachman diamond syndrome
68
petechiae on cervix
trichomonas
69
Tx for trichomonas
metronidazole or tinidazole
70
adverse effects of guanfacine and clonidine
sedation, bradycardia, hypotension
71
Signs of serum like sickeness
generalized urticaria with central violaceous discoloration- malaise, irritability, headache, diarrhea, hyperthermia, lymphadenopathy, facial edema and arthralgias
72
what is the extensor plantar response and when does it go away
babinski reflex. usually disappears 9-12 months but can be seen 24 months
73
when does rooting reflex disappear
3-4 months
74
which medications cause stevens johnson syndrome
phenytoin, sulfa based antibiotics, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, lamotrigine and penicillins
75
what happens if mother takes warfarin during pregnancy
nasal hypoplasia and stippled epiphysis
76
how to diagnose epidermolysis bullosa
immunofluorescence
77
SCFE is associated with what underlying endocrine condition
hypothyroidism
78
exam findings of SCFE
external rotation, shortened with restriction in internal rotation, abduction and hip flexion
79
which ellicit drug is associated with rhabdomyolysis
PCP
80
caudal regression syndrome is associated with infants born to mothers with what condition
DM type I
81
niacin deficiency results in what
pellagra- dermatitis, dementia and diarrhea
82
when can infants roll from front to back
4-5 months
83
PDA murmur
continuous harsh machine like murmur 2nd intercostal space
84
infant in NBN with hypoglycemia, and micropenis- likely underlying diagnosis
growth hormone deficiency
85
causes of asymmetrical IUGR
uteroplacental insufficiency, chronic HTN, multiple gestation, abrnomal placental structure, high altitude
86
what are causes of symmetrical IUGR
chronic alcohol use, genetic abnormalities, in utero infections, smoking, maternal SLE
87
leukocyte count in leukocyte adhesions deficiency
elevated
88
most common cause of intoeing in child older than 2 years of age
femoral anteversion
89
at what age do you stop giving Hib for catch up immunization needs`
If last dose was at or greater than 15 months
90
what infants are at risk for Developmental dysplasia of hip
breech girls
91
what week gestation do anterior sole creases arise
32-33 weeks
92
age infants can smile at a mirror
4-5 months
93
age infants reciprocate smile to adult
2 months
94
next step with flail chest
intubation and mechanical ventilation
95
tanning salons emit what UV rays
UVA
96
back pain with what motion in spondylolysis
extension
97
aggressive behaviors in toddlers is associated with what prenatal risk
exposure to cocaine alcohol and tobacco in utero
98
ANA level in juvenile idiopathic arthritis
negative
99
amount of time between dose 3 and 4 for IPV vaccine
6 months minimum
100
neonate with hematocrit greater than 70%-- treatment
partial exchange transfusion
101
neonate with hematocrit greater than 60% and tachypneic
symptomatic- to partial exchange transfusion
102
what test helps diagnose asthma
spirometry. don't choose methacholine challenge if spirometry is listed
103
when should infants have conjugate gaze by
6 months
104
thyroid nodule hypoechoic 1.5cm and normal Thyroid studies. next step?
FNA. NOT US! NOT REASSURANCE!
105
delayed eruption of teeth and conical in shape
hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia
