Gender And Ethnicity

Question 1

What is assimilation

Answer 1

Policies in the 1960s and 1970s attempted to assimilate pupil from minority ethnic groups into mainstream British culture by helping those with English not first language. Also compensatory education.
Critics argue many minorities at risk underachieving already speak English and it lies in poverty and racism.

Question 2

What is gender policy?

Answer 2

Since 1970s policies such as GIST and WISE was introduced to reduce gender differences in subject choices.
Since 1990s introduced to encourage boys and improve their reading ( dads and sons campaign, literacy hours, raising boys, achievement programmes ). Coursework has been reduced for both GCSEs and a-levels.

Question 3

What is a multicultural education?

Answer 3

In the 1980s and 90s aimed to promote achievement by valuing all cultures in the curriculum raise minorities self esteem.
Critics argue black pupil don’t fails due lack of self esteem. Critical race theorists argue MCE is mere tokenism it picks out stereotypical features for inclusion but fails to address institutional racism. New right argue it should promote a shared national culture and identity.

Question 4

What is social inclusion?

Answer 4

• Late 1990s monitoring of exam results by ethnicity.
• amending race relations act to place league duty to promote racial equality.
• help voluntary Saturday schools in black communities.
• English as additional language programs

Critics argue it’s a soft approach focusing on cultural thank tackling structural causes of ethnic inequality such as poverty and racism.