Gender Issues

Question 1

Sex

Answer 1

1. defined biologically and physiologically

2. male and female

Question 2

Gender

Answer 2

1. socially constructed roles, behaviors, and attributes that society considers appropriate for males and females
2. masculine and feminine

Question 3

Men’s life expectancy is ___ than it is for women

Answer 3

5 years less

Question 4

Men are dying __ than women for 9 out of the 10 causes of death

Answer 4

higher rates

Question 5

Top five causes of death in men

Answer 5

1. heart disease: 24.9%
2. cancer: 24.4%
3. accidents-6.2%
4. lung disease-5.9%
5. stroke-4.3%

Question 6

__ is the top reason men don’t go to the doctor

Answer 6

too busy to go

Question 7

__ is the most common cancer in men

Answer 7

prostate cancer

Question 8

__ is the most common fatal cancer in men

Answer 8

lung cancer

Question 9

The majority of cases of cancer happen to men __ (age)

Answer 9

55 years and over

Question 10

BPH (prostate enlargement)

Answer 10

1. progressive condition

2. frequent urination, decreased urine stream, difficulty/pain while urinating/feeling of incomplete emptying of bladder

Question 11

Who does BPH affect?

Answer 11

1. half of men over 50

2. 90% of men by age 80

Question 12

Younger men are more likely to have a mild/more aggressive form of prostate cancer

Answer 12

more aggressive form

Question 13

__ men are at increased risk (race)

Answer 13

African American

Question 14

Prostatitis

Answer 14

inflammation of prostate that may be caused by an infection

Question 15

__ cancer is the most common form of cancer of men between ages 15-39

Answer 15

testicular cancer

Question 16

Risk factors of testicular cancer

Answer 16

1. undescended testes
2. family history
3. white men
4. less common among older and middle aged men

Question 17

Cancer - Dental Aspects

Answer 17

1. metastases may involve jaws

2. chemotherapy may cause mucositis and immunosuppression

Question 18

The average man brushes his teeth __ times a day

Answer 18

1.9

Question 19

Non-smoking men will lose __ teeth by age 72, smoker

Answer 19

1. non-smoker: 5.4

2. smoker: 12

Question 20

What orofacial manifestations are especially common in women?

Answer 20

1. anorexia nervosa/bulimia
2. atypical facial pain
3. burning mouth syndrome
4. facial arthromyalgia (TMJ)
5. pemphigus and pemphigoid
6. Rheumatoid arthritis
7. Sjogren syndrome

Question 21

Top three causes of death for women

Answer 21

1. heart disease: 24%
2. cancer: 22.2%
   * *lung
   * *breast
3. stroke: 6.3%

Question 22

__ is the most common cancer in women

Answer 22

breast

Question 23

Breast cancer is more common in __ women (race)

Answer 23

white

Question 24

__ is the second leading cause of cancer death

Answer 24

breast cancer

Question 25

Breast cancer incidence increases/decreases with age

Answer 25

increases

Question 26

Breast Cancer risk factors

Answer 26

1. age 2. family history 3. obesity 4. alcohol 5. hormone replacement therapy 6. ionizing radiation 7. having children late/not at all 8. history of cancer 9. genetics

Question 27

Changes in blood chemistry during pregnancy

Answer 27

1. increased number of blood clots 2. increased clotting factors 3. increased fibrinolytic activity 4. iron deficiency and anemia

Question 28

Cardiovascular System changes during pregnancy

Answer 28

1. tachycardia 2. increased cardiac output and heart rate 3. increased stroke volume

Question 29

Respiratory system changes in pregnancy

Answer 29

1. diaphragm displaced superiorly 2. hyperventilation 3. decreased functional reserve capacity

Question 30

GI system changes in pregnancy

Answer 30

1. nausea, vomiting | 2. heart burn and acidity

Question 31

Tx Timing - First Trimester

Answer 31

1. spontaneous miscarriages naturally occur more often in first trimester 2. fetal organ formation and differentation 3. most susceptible to adverse effects of teratogens 4. avoid elective tx 5. anticipatory guidance

Question 32

Tx Timing - Second Trimester

Answer 32

1. fetal growth/development 2. safest period to provide dental care 3. easier to prevent that tx established disease

Question 33

Tx Timing -Third Trimester

Answer 33

1. uncomfortable visits late in term | 2. supine hypotension syndrome

Question 34

__ is the best trimester for routine dental care

Answer 34

second trimester

Question 35

Local anesthesia is/is not a teratogen

Answer 35

is NOT

Question 36

Local anesthesia should be given __ (dose) to pregnant women

Answer 36

usual clinical doses

Question 37

Large does of prilocaine can cause __

Answer 37

methemoglobinemia, which could cause maternal and fetal hypoxia