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Summer 2017-Oral Medicine Final > Mucosal, Oral, and Cutaneous Disease > Flashcards

Mucosal, Oral, and Cutaneous Disease Flashcards

(221 cards)

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1
Q

Acne Vulgaris

A
  1. very common
  2. hormones
  3. medications
  4. skin bacteria
  5. stress
  6. genetic susceptibility
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2
Q

Open comodones

A
  1. black-heads

2. open to the air (oxidized)

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3
Q

Closed comodones

A

white-heads

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4
Q

Nodule-cystic acne

A
  1. leads to scarring

2. inflammatory

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5
Q

Topical Acne Tx

A
  1. comedolytics (target the comedones)

2. anti-inflammatories (benzoyl peroxide, clindamycin, dapsone)

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6
Q

Systemic Tx for Acne

A
  1. oral antibiotics (tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline)
  2. combined oral contraceptives
  3. isotretinoin
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7
Q

Non-melanoma skin cancers

A
  1. includes basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC)
  2. most COMMON malignancy in humans
    * *BCCs: 80%
    * *SCCs: 20%
  3. 3.5 million cases annually in the US, affects ALL races
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8
Q

Risk factors for non-melanoma skin cancer

A
  1. fair skin (skin type I or II)
  2. age
  3. male
  4. sun or UV exposure
    * *SCC: cumulative
    * *BCC: intermittent
    * *melanoma: tanning beds
  5. ionizing radiation
  6. genetic syndromes
  7. immunosuprresion
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9
Q

SCC (specific) skin cancer risk factors

A
  1. arsenic
  2. HPV
  3. PUVA
  4. smoking
  5. chronic wounds
  6. long-standing skin disease
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10
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A
  1. most common type
  2. most often on head and neck
  3. pick, pearly papule with a rolled edge
  4. chronic course, slow growth with ulceration
  5. rarely metastasizes
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11
Q

Nodular Basal Cell Carcinoma

A
  1. classic type

2. 50-80% of all types

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12
Q

Pigmented Basal Cell Carcinoma

A
  1. non-painful, don’t bleed
  2. can be confused with melanoma
  3. must biopsy
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13
Q

Superficial BCC Skin Cancer

A
  1. second most common
  2. 15% of BCCs
  3. favor the trunk and extremities
  4. located in top layers of skin
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14
Q

Invasive/Morpheaform BCC skin cancer

A
  1. locally aggressive sub-type
  2. may appear scar-like
  3. often a histologic determination
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15
Q

Actinic Keratoses

A
  1. pre-malignant or pre-cancerous
  2. 10% develop into SCC over 10 years (if untreated)
    * *60% of SCCs develop from AKs
  3. same risk factors as SCC
  4. prevention: sunscreen/low fat diet
  5. tx: destruction/topical immunotherapy
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16
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Skin Cancer

A
  1. 300,000 per year in US

2. most common skin cancer in AA

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17
Q

Risk factors for SCC skin cancer

A
  1. cumulative long term exposure to UV light
  2. radiation
  3. immunosuppression
  4. chronic ulceration, scar, HPV, carcinogens
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18
Q

Keratoacanthoma

A
  1. rapid growth
  2. clinically tame
  3. variant of SCC
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19
Q

SCC in situ

A
  1. Bowen’s disease
  2. elderly
  3. sun-exposed skin
  4. de novo or from AKs
  5. head and neck&raquo_space;extremities
  6. tender to the touch, not a lot of depth
"BEST"
B: Bowen's Disease
E: elderly
S: sun
T: tender to touch
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20
Q

High Risk Sites for Skin Cancer

A
  1. trunk and extremities: 2 cm and greater

2. cheeks, forehead, neck, and scalp: 1 cm and greater

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21
Q

Indications for Mohs Surgery

A
  1. high risk sites
  2. recurrent
  3. poorly delineated or incompletely removed
  4. pt on immunosuppression
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22
Q

Melanoma

A
  1. incidence in whites has tripled in last thirty years

2. lifetime risk in 1 in 70

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23
Q

Nodular Melanoma

A
  1. 15-20% of melanomas
  2. no radial growth phase–>rapid growth
  3. trunk and legs most common
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24
Q

Acral-Lentiginous Melanoma

A
  1. melanoma on the toes or fingers

2. most common type in AA, Asians, Hispanics

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25
Exzema herpeticum
1. all paules looks the same 2. punched out erosion 3. associated with herpes
26
Topical Steroids
1. main tx with atopic derm 2. body locations: risk of side effects directly related to steroid strength, inversely related to skin thickness * *thinnest skin: eyelids, scrotum * *thin skin: face, axillae, groin * *average skin: trunk, arms, legs * *thicker skin: hands, feet
27
Allergic contact dermatitis is a __ (type of hypersensitivity reaction)
delayed type hypersensitivity reaction to previously sensitized chemical
28
Irritant contact dermatitis
local toxic effect from an irritant chemical
29
Poison Ivy
1. very itchy, difficult to control | 2. vesicles (skin breaks apart with fluid)
30
Nickel
1. costume jewelry, pants rivets | 2. can develop a rash all over body if severe enough
31
Cradle Cap
seborrheic dermatitis
32
__ is the most common malignancy in humans
Basal Cell Carcinoma
33
__ (percent) of SCCs develop from AKs
60%
34
AKs risk factors are the same as __
SCC
35
__ may be prevented with sunscreen/low fat diet
AKs
36
Tx for AKs is __
destruction or topical immunotherapy
37
AKs are also known as __
1. solar keratoses 2. senile keratoses 3. "pre cancers"
38
Where do AKs occur?
sun damaged skin 1. scalp 2. face 3. top of ears 4. hands
39
What is the appearance of AKs?
1. rough 2. gritty pink to red 3. macule/papule with angular border
40
__ (percent) of AKs turn into invasive SCC
0.1%
41
__ is the second most common form of skin cancer
squamous cell carcinoma
42
SCC is most often found __
head, neck, dorsal hands
43
SCC appears __
1. pink to red scaly/ulcerated 2. enlarging papule or nodule 3. may be tender
44
Metastases of SCC is most common when it involves __
1. high risk sites (lip, ear) 2. immunosuppression 3. lesions arising in scars, sites of inflammation 4. size > 2 cm 5. injured/chronically diseased skin 6. perineural invasion
45
Erythroplasia of Queyrat is SCC on the __
penis
46
Tx for Skin Cancer
1. topical * *retinoids * *5-fluorouracil (Efudex) * *imiquimod (Aldara) 2. photodynamic therapy * *blue light treatment 3. cryotherapy 4. surgical excision * *margins depend on type * *Moh's
47
__ is the median age of diagnosis for melanoma
53 years
48
__ is the most common cancer in women aged 25-29
melanoma
49
Risk factors for melanoma
1. family history of MM 2. person history of MM 3. atypical nevi 4. numbers of banal nevi 5. history of excessive UV and sunburns 6. fair skin 7. immuno-suppression
50
Lentigo Maligna-Melanoma
1. form of in situ melanoma (confined to epidermis, but full potential to invade) 2. uncommon large malignant pigmented patch on chronically sun exposed skin 3. usually long radial growth phase 4. need large (broad) shave biopsy to diagnose, excellent margin control to remove
51
Lentigo Maligna-Melanoma makes up __ (percent) of melanomas
4-15%
52
Tx for Melanoma
1. wide excision 2. Moh's surgery 3. sentinel lymph node biopsy 4. staging workup 5. Adjuvant therapy * *Interferon-A * *vaccines * *isolated limb perfusion of chemotherapy 6. CLOSE FOLLOW UP every three months
53
Atopic Dermatitis
1. common inflammatory condition of the skin 2. AKA "eczema" 3. associated with seasonal allergies, asthma, food allergies
54
Eczema
1. means "to break out, boil over" 2. group of dermatoses with characteristic histologic/clinical features 3. not a diagnoses in itself 4. broad term-->important to distinguish "kind of eczema"
55
Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis
1. 0.6-20% of individuals | 2. higher in children: 95% develop before age 15, but 40-60% outgrow it
56
Inheritance of Atopic Dermatitis
1. one parent with atopy=50% chance 2. two parents with atopy=79% chance 3. polygenic
57
How does atopic dermatitis affect quality of life?
1. decreased self-esteem 2. poor sleep/work performance 3. depression 4. isolation 5. poor scoring on QOL
58
Atopic Dermatitis generally starts as __ (age)
infant or young child
59
Atopic Dermatitis is located on the __ of infants
face, extensor surfaces
60
Atopic Dermatitis is located on the __ of young kids
LESS on face, more on extensor surfaces
61
Atopic Dermatitis is located on the __ of older kids and adults
flexural surfaces
62
Atopic Dermatitis - Clinical Features
1. xerosis 2. very pruritic 3. excoriations 4. lichenification 5. colonized with MSSA/MRSA
63
Adults with Atopic Dermatitis tend to __, while children __
1. adults: run a chronic course | 2. children: improve with time
64
Complications with Atopic Dermatitis include __
1. bacterial super-infection 2. eczema herpeticum 3. erythroderma
65
The two main side effects of topical steroids are __
1. skin atrophy (reversible if caught early) | 2. absorption (excessive local and systemic)
66
What complications are associated with topical steroids?
1. atrophy (thinning) 2. bruising 3. stretch marks 4. steroid acne 5. localized infections 6. perioral dermatitis 7. contact dermatitis
67
__ is related to sebum-production and commensal yeast Malassezia
seborrheic dermatitis
68
Seborrheic Dermatitis - Clinical Features
1. scalp 2. face (forehead, eyebrowns, upper eyelids, nasolabial and melolabial folds) 3. neck and central chest 4. retro-auricular creases, under breasts, in pannus folds, groin
69
Seborrheic Dermatitis appears as __
1. sharply demarcated greasy, pink-yellow to red-brown patches/plaques 2. bran-like scale 3. chronic, relapsing course
70
Severe cases of seborrheic dermatitis are associated with __
HIV or Parkinson's disease
71
Tx for Seborrheic Dermatitis
1. anti-yeast tx | 2. anti-inflammatory tx when more red and inflamed
72
Psoriasis
1. chronic inflammatory disorder of the skin | 2. affects children and adults
73
The subtypes of psoriasis include __
1. plaque-type 2. guttate 3. psoriatic arthritis 4. pustular psoriasis 5. erythroderma
74
What can trigger psoriasis?
1. infection (streptoccus) 2. emotional/physical stress 3. trauma 4. certain medications (Beta blockers, hydroxychloroquine, ibuprofen)
75
What is associated with psoriasis?
1. obesity 2. metabolic syndrome * *high BP * *excess body fat * *high blood pressure 3. increased risk for cardiac mobility and mortality in those who have psoriasis
76
Psoriasis - Topical Tx Options
1. steroids 2. calcineurin inhibitors 3. Vitamin D analogues
77
Psoriasis - Systemic Tx Options
1. narrowband UVB phototherapy | 2. methotrexate, cyclosporine, acitretin
78
Perioral Dermatitis
1. inflammatory condition on face 2. usually made worse with fluorinated topical steroids or fluoride toothpaste 3. DOESN'T involve vermilion border 4. can involve perinasal and periocular skin 5. pruritic
79
Tx for Perioral Dermatitis
1. remove offending agents 2. gentle, fragrance-free skin care 3. topical antiboties - metronidazole, erythromycin 4. oral antibiotics - doxycycline, minocyline (adults), and erythromycin
80
Lichen Planus
inflammatory disease of skin, hair, nails, mucous membranes
81
The "P's" of Lichen Planus
1. planar polygonal pruritic pink | 2. purple papules or plaques
82
Lichen Planus is commonly found on the __
1. legs 2. ankles 3. wrists 4. genitalia
83
Lichen Planus is associated with __
1. viruses (Hep C) 2. drugs * *Beta-Blockers * *ACE inhibitors * *Thiazide diuretics * *Anti-malarials * *gold and metals * *Penicillamine 3. Hep B vaccine
84
__ (percent) of LP patients have nail involvement
10% 1. thinning of nail plates 2. longitudinal ridging 3. pterygium formation (scarring) isolated nail LP may also occur
85
Mucosal Lichen Planus is found __
1. oral (most common) 2. genital 3. pharynx, esophagus, GI tract
86
Two types of Mucosal Lichen Planus are __
1. reticulated | 2. erosive
87
Reticulated Mucosal Lichen Planus
1. linear, lace-like pattern of tiny white papules 2. buccal mucosa (most common) 3. typically asymptomatic
88
Erosive Mucosal Lichen Planus
1. gingiva or tongue | 2. typically painful
89
Tx - Mucosal Lichen Planus
1. topical steroids 2. topical calcineurin inhibitors 3. NBUVB phototherapy 4. systemic * *oral corticosteroids * *metronidazole * *anti-malarials
90
Pemphigus Vulgaris
1. acquired 2. autoimmune bulbous disease 3. auto-antibodies to desmosomal proteins (desmoglein 1 and 3) 4. intraepidermal blistering
91
Flaccid/easily ruptured bullae, oral and mucosal lesions, and a positive Nikolsky's sign is indicative of __
Pemphigus Vulgaris **Stevens-Johnson Syndrome also has a positive Nikolsy sign**
92
Tx for Pemphigus Vulgaris
1. prednisone 2. asathiorprine 3. Mycophenolate mofetil 4. Rituximab
93
Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
1. autoimmune blistering condition 2. mostly affects older people 3. recurrent blistering of mucous membranes, also skin 4. pts develop scars, strictures, synechiae, blindness 5. proteins affected
94
MMP - Diagnosis
1. biopsies: H and E, direct immunofluorescence 2. indirect immunofluroescence * *evaluate blood for circulating antibodies 3. age-appropriate cancer-screening
95
MMP - Tx
1. prednisone | 2. other immunosuppresant systemic agents
96
__ is the most common autoimmune bullous dermatosis
Bullous Pemphigoid (BP)
97
Bullous Pemphigoid occurs primarily in the __ (age)
elderly
98
BP usually starts with __ (disease description)
highly pruritic urticaria without blistering
99
BP usually develops into __ (disease description)
tense blisters with serous or hemorrhagic fluid
100
The blisters of BP can be described as __
firm and stable
101
BP - Diagnosis
1. H and E and direct immunofluorescence | 2. IIF usually shows linear staining of epidermal side of salt-split skin
102
BP - Tx
1. mild cases: high potency steroids | 2. severe disease: oral steroids, other immunosuppresants
103
__ and __ are the affected proteins involved in BP
1. BP-180 | 2 BP-230
104
Pemphigus vulgaris/Bullous pemphigus has a better prognosis
Bullous pemphigus
105
Dermatitis Herpetiformis is a consequence of __
gluten sensitivity
106
Dermatitis Herpetiformis is much less/more prevalent than celiac disease
much less common
107
What bodily reactions can be caused by gluten in grains?
1. immune reaction in small bowel (alters the mucosa) 2. leads to antibody formation 3. antibodies can enter blood, attach to skin 4. dermatitis herpetiformis
108
Dermatitis herpetiformis is pruritic/non-pruritic
VERY pruritic
109
Dermatitis Herpetiformis is commonly found on __ (body parts)
1. favors extensor surfaces: forearms and thighs 2. butt 3. papules, vesicles, numerous erosions
110
The best tx for Dermatitis Herpetiformis is __
complete avoidance of gluten
111
Dapsone is an effective tx for relief of DH (almost immediately for itching), but it doesn't affect __
gut or production of autoantibodies
112
Dermatitis Herpetiformis - Work Up
1. biopsy for H and E 2. direct immunofluorescence 3. H and E shows numerous neutrophils/PMNs in upper dermis 4. DIF shows deposits of IgA in papillary dermis 5. serum transglutaminase 3 (TTG) typically elevated
113
Linear IgA disease
1. acquired autoimmune bullous disease 2. chronic bullous disease of childhood 3. IgA antibodies act against components of basement membrane (BP 180 and BP230)
114
__ are triggers for linear IgA disease
1. infection | 2. medications (vancomycin)
115
Linear IgA Disease - Clinical Features
1. urticarial plaques on the skin that form blisters * *clustered at edges of lesions * *may be pruritic 2. oral lesions
116
Linear IgA Disease - Work-Up
1. biopsy | 2. immunofluorescence
117
Linear IgA Disease - Tx
1. dapsone 2. corticosteroids 3. tetracylines
118
Erythema Multiforme (EM)
1. typically self-limiting, acute disease of skin and mucosa * *can be recurrent 2. hypersensitivity/immune reaction
119
Abrupt development of targetoid lesions (3 distinct zones/rings) is characteristic of __
EM
120
EM favors the __ (locations on the body)
1. upper body 2. extremities and face 3. palms of hands
121
EM mucosal lesions are typically found on __
lips/oral mucosa >ocular > genital
122
Severe cases of EM may be accompanied by __
1. fevers | 2. arthralgias
123
EM - Tx
1. If HSV related: treat with acyclovir or valacyclovir 2. topical steroids 3. systemic immunosuppressives * *prednisone * *methylprednisone * *azathioprine * *dapsone * *cyclosporine
124
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)
rare, potentially fatal, acute reaction 1. adults: meds implicated in majority of cases 2. children: illnesses and meds
125
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome is characterized by __
mucosal and skin lesions due to extensive keratinocyte death
126
The average mortality rate of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome is __
1 to 5%
127
__ is a risk factor of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
immunosuppression (HIV, lymphoma)
128
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - Prodrome Clinical Features
1 to 3 days before cutaneous signs 1. fever 2. URI symptoms 3. painful skin 4. dysphagia
129
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - Skin Lesions
1. pink macules-->dusky red or purpuric-->gray-->vesicles/bulla-->irregular erosions 2. appear on trunk, spreads to arms/neck/face 3. positive Nikolsky sign 4. may take hours to a few days 5. <10% BSA
130
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - Mucosal Lesions
present in 90% 1. painful erosions that coalesce 2. lips, mouth, throat, esophagus 3. nose 4. eyes 5. genitalia
131
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
1. exists on spectrum with SJS * *>30% BSA 2. mortality rate approaches 25-35% of patients * *typically due to systemic infection
132
The risk of developing Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis is 1000-fold higher if you have __ (disease)
AIDS
133
SJS/TEN Tx
1. stop offending tx 2. stymptomatic cares * *eye care * *skin protection * *electrolyte and fluid monitoring 3. immunosuppression
134
Behcet's Disease
1. rare, multi-system inflammatory condition 2. can affect any individual 3. especially common for people on the "Silk Road" 4. genetic and evironmental fators 5. difficult to diagnose
135
Behcet's Disease Triad
1. oral ulcers 2. genital ulcers 3. uveitis
136
__ (disease) is associated with the Silk Road
Behcet's Disease
137
HLA-B51 allele (80% of Asians) is associated with __
Behcet's Disease
138
Behcet's Disease - Clinical Features
Recurrent oral ulceration (painful aphthous-like ulcers, testing negative for herpes) in almost 100% of patients PLUS Two of the Four: 1. recurrent genital ulcerations 2. eye inflammation 3. skin lesions 4. positive pathery test
139
Behcet's disease - Tx
1. Colchicine and dapsone 2. systemic steroids 3. thalidomide 4. methotrexate 5. azathiprine 6. cyclosporine
140
Sweet Syndrome
acute febrile neutrophile dermatitis
141
Sweet Syndrome - Features
1. fever, malaise 2. edematous 3. pink papules, plaques, blisters 4. may involve oral mucosa and eyes
142
Sweet Syndrome is associated with __
1. infection 2. malignancies 3. inflammatory bowel disease 4. autoimmune disease 5. certain meds 6. pregnancy
143
Sweet Syndrome - Tx
1. treat underlying cause * *malignancy * *infection * *inflammatory bowel disease 2. prednisone * *improves rapidly
144
Ectodermal Dysplasia
1. collection of inerited disorders affecting * *hair * *teeth * *nails * *sweat glands 2. depends on mutation * *can be X linked, AD, or AR
145
Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome
1. AKA Gorlin Syndrome 2. AD inheritance 3. affects PTCH gene 4. 1 in 50,000 to 150,000 affected
146
Gorlin Syndrome - Findings
1. BCC's of skin 2. odontogenic keratocytes (seen at young age) 3. rib and vertebrae anomalities 4. calcification of falx cerebri 5. skeletal abnormalities: bifid ribs, kryphoscoliosis 6. frontal and temproparietal bossing
147
Nevoid BCC's are often mistakenly diagnosed as __
melanocytic nevi (many are brown)
148
Nevoid BCC's can look like __
skin tags
149
Nevoid BBC's tend to develop around __ (time of life)
puberty "Think that Neville was in puberty when he was on Harry Potter"
150
Gorlin Syndrome - Tx
mostly symptomatic 1. enucleation of odontogenic keratocysts 2. removal of BCC's 3. vismodegib * *help decrease size and need for surgical tx * *everybody has side effects
151
Gardner Syndrome is AKA
AKA familial polyposis
152
Gardner Syndrome - Clinical Features
1. osteomas (favor mandible and maxilla) 2. supernumerary teeth, multiple caries 3. fibromas of skin 4. congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium 5. colorectal cancer by age 40 in almost every patient
153
Neurofibromatosis (NF)
1. autosomal dominant disorder | 2. two types: NF1 or NF2
154
NF1
1. mutation in neurofibromin (RAS activation) | 2. 1 in 3500 births (50% are new mutations)
155
NF2
1. mutation in Merlin or Schwannomin * *RAS activation via over-activation of serine/threonine kinase 2. 1 in 40,000 births (66% have affected parent)
156
Cafe-au-lait macules, freckling of axillary/inguinal areas, neurobifromas, plexiform neurofibromas, lisch nodules in eye, optic nerve gliomas, and skeletal dysplasia are characteristic of __
NF1 (must have two or more)
157
Crowe's Sign are cafe-au lait macules in the groin and maxilla and characteristic of __
NF1
158
Learning disability, ADD, macrocephaly, brainstem gliomas, meningiomas are characteristic of __
NF1
159
There is a __ (percent) chance of developing malignancy due to NF1
5%
160
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
1. AD with variable expressivity 2. affects 1 in 6000 people 3. defects in TSC1 (hamartin) and TSC2 (tuberin) * *suppress cell growth through regulation of several signaling pathways * *mTOR
161
Tuberous Sclerosis is characterized by development of hamartomas in __ (tissues)
1. skin 2. brain 3. eye 4. heart 5. kidneys 6. lungs 7. bones
162
Cutaneous Manifestations of Tuberous Sclerosis
1. hypopigmented macules >3 2. confetti skin lesions 3. angiofibromas 4. fibrous forehead plaque 5. shagreen patch (CT nevus) 6. non-traumatic ungual or peringual fibromas 7. gingival fibroma
163
Sturge-Weber Syndrome
1. neuroectodermal syndrome | 2. etiology is unclear
164
Sturge-Weber Syndrome is characterized by __
1. capillary malformation (port-wine stain), distribution of first branch of trigeminal nerve (V1) 2. soft-tissue overgrowth can be seen
165
Sturge-Weber Syndrome is associated with __ (diseases)
1. leptomeningeal angiomatosis | 2. glaucoma
166
Sturge-Weber Syndrome - CNS Findings
1. seizures are most common feature seen in first year of life 2. early onset, seizure intensity associated with future cognitive delay 3. headaches 4. behavioral problmes 5. stroke-like episodes
167
SWS - Lentomeningeal Angiomatosis
1. ipsilateral from vascular stain 2. cerebral atrophy 3. enlargment of choroid plexus and venous abnormalities 4. MRI is modality of choice (CT can pick up changes too)
168
"Tram Track" calcification in the cerebral cortex is associated with __
Leptomeningeal Angiomatosis (in Sturge-Weber Syndrome) can be seen in early infancy
169
Ocular Changes - Sturge Weber Syndrome
1. 60% of patients 2. glaucoma is most common 3. vascular malformations on/around eye 4. nevus of ota 5. blindness
170
Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum
1. AKA Gronblad-Strandberg syndrome 2. AR (ABCC6) 3. prevalence-->25,000 to 100,000
171
Calcification of elastic fibers is characteristic of __
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum 1. mild to deep dermis 2. media and intima of mid-sized arteries 3. Bruch's membrane of eye
172
Thin yellowish papules and plaques are characteristic of __
pseudoxanthoma elasticum 1. flexural areas (neck, antecubital/popliteal fossae, wrists, groins) 2. tends to develop over first and second decade
173
Plucked chicken skin is associated with __
pseudoxanthoma elasticum
174
Angioid streaks are present in __
pseudoxanthoma elasticum 1. typically present in first decade 2. virtaully all patients by age 30 3. normally asymptomatic 4. increased neovascularization-->prone to hemorrhage-->scarring-->progressive loss of vision 5. vision changes by age 40 (leads to legal blindness)
175
Cardiovascular changes - pseudoxanthoma elasticum
1. progressive calcification of arteries * *atheromatous plaques * *intermitten claudication * *renovascular hypertension * *angina * *MI * *stroke 2. GI bleeding as result of gastric/intestinal vessels 3. mitral valve prolapse
176
Monitoring PXE
1. skin: can't do much 2. eyes: biannual fundoscopic exam, no smoking/head trauma/heavy straining 3. CV: baseline EKG and ECHO, healthy lifestyle, annual cardiac exam
177
Gorlin syndrome is characterized by calcifications of the __ (body part)
Flax cerebri
178
Bifid ribs and kryphoscolisosis is characteristic of__ (disease)
Gorlin syndrome
179
Frontal and temproparietal bossing is characteristic of __ (disease)
Gorlin syndrome
180
Rib and vertebrae anomalities are characteristic of __ (disease)
Gorlin syndrome
181
Enculeation of odontogenic keratocysts is a tx for __(disease)
Gorlin syndrome
182
Congential hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium is characteristic of __ (disease)
Gardner syndrome
183
In __ (disease), cororectal cancer by age 40 is seen in almost every patient
Gardner syndrome
184
Gorlin syndrome is mostly asymptomatic/symptomatic
symptomatic
185
__ (type of cancer) is the most common malignancy in humans
BCC
186
SCC/BCC is due to cumulative sun exposure
SCC
187
SCC/BCC is due to intermittent sun exposure
BCC
188
Arsenic
SCC
189
HPV
SCC
190
PUVA
SCC
191
BCC is most often found on the __ (body part)
head and neck
192
chronic course, slow growth and ulceration
BCC
193
Superficial BCC favors __ (body part)
trunk and extremities
194
Pre-malignant or pre-cancerous
Actinic Keratoses
195
10% develop into SCC over 10 years (if untreated)
Actinic Keratoses
196
same risk factors as SCC
Actinic Keratoses
197
Prevention via sunscreen/low fat diet
Actinic Keratoses
198
Tx via destruction/topical immunotherapy
Actinic Keratoses
199
Form of in situ melanoma
Lentigo-Maligna Melanoma
200
Uncommon large malignant pigmented patch on chronically exposed skin
Lentigo-Maligna Melanoma
201
Long radial growth phase
Lentigo-Maligna Melanoma
202
Inflammatory condition of face
perioral dermatitis
203
Made worse with fluorinated topical steroids or fluoride toothpaste
perioral dermatitis
204
Doesn't involve vermillion border
perioral dermatitis
205
Can involve perinasal and periocular skin
perioral dermatitis
206
IBD/autoimmune disease/pregnancy
Sweet Syndrome
207
Gorlin Syndrome
Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome
208
AD inheritance
Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome
209
PTCH syndrome
Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome
210
Osteomas
Gardner Syndrome
211
Supernumerary teeth, multiple caries
Gardner Syndrome
212
Fibromas on skin
Gardner Syndrome
213
Congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium
Gardner Syndrome
214
Colorectal cancer by age 40 in almost every patient Gardner Syndrome
Gardner Syndrome
215
Hypopigmented macules >3
Tuberous Sclerosis
216
Confetti skin lesions
Tuberous Sclerosis
217
Angiofibromas
Tuberous Sclerosis
218
Fibrous forehead plaque
Tuberous Sclerosis
219
Shagreen patch (CT nevus)
Tuberous Sclerosis
220
Non-traumatic ungual or peringual fibromas
Tuberous Sclerosis
221
Gingival fibroma
Tuberous Sclerosis

Summer 2017-Oral Medicine Final (17 decks)

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