Gendered Language Flashcards
The studies of gender
Sapir & Whorf
“English determines perceptions of the world”
Spender
“Sexism is added to English to consolidate male supremacy”
Poole
“Men have pride of place in English”
Kirkby
“Men are more comprehensive than women”
Hoey
“Words and phrases come with an undercoat layer, also known as lexical priming”
Sinclair
“Linguists should analyse the company that words keep”
Lakoff
“There are ten features of female language, including empty adjectives and tag questions”
O’Barr & Atkins
“Speaker’s social status determined how much female language they will use”
Fishman
“Tag questions are used to keep conversations going”
Zimmerman & West
“Women speak less in mixed conversations as there are more male interruptions”
Cheshire
“Girls adjust more sharply in formal speech than boys”
Eckert
“Teens self consciously create images by using trendy expressions and intonation”
Trudgill
“There are differences in prestige usage due to social class and gender”
Tannen
“There are six aspects of gender, including status VS support and advice VS understanding”
Carmichael, Hogan & Walter
“Language influencing thought equals gender perceptions”
Cameron
“Culture is pop psychology in the way that it states that men and women talk differently”
Woods
“Men dominate conversations even if women are in the higher status”
Limpinnian
“Men and women are encouraged to mould themselves in an ideal way for adverts”
Sardar
“Semi naked women are objects of the male gaze”
Klofstrad
“Vocal fry is used by women to find work”
McElhinny
“Gender focuses on individuals not institutions”
Maltz & Borker
“Men and women operate in different social contexts”
Weatherall
“Female conversations are cooperative when male conversations are competitive”
Fisher
“Men not asking questions coin uptalk as a redeeming quality”
