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Oral Surgery > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

basic instruments

A
  • mouth mirror
  • cotton pliers
  • explorer
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2
Q

3 types of povidone iodine (betadine)

A
  • 1%
  • 7.5%
  • 10%
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3
Q

1% povidone iodine: purpose

A

for gargling/oral rinse

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4
Q

7.5% povidone iodine: purpose

A

for scrubbing hands

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5
Q

10% povidone iodine: purpose

A

for extraoral sanitation (i.e. skin, wounds)

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6
Q

2 types of chlorhexidine (Orahex)

A
  • 0.12%
  • 0.20%
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7
Q

advantage of chlorhexidine

A
  • can be used for cancer px
  • strong antibacterial
  • kills spores and other microorganisms
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8
Q

0.20% chlorhexidine: purpose

A

for moderate to severe gingival disease gargling

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9
Q

0.12% chlorhexidine: purpose

A

for everyday gargling

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10
Q

2 types of topical anesthetic

A
  • ointment type
  • spray type
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11
Q

duration of time to wait after applying topical anesthesia before injecting

A

5 minutes

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12
Q

found in topical anesthetics; responsible for wrinkling effect in gingiva

A

amide (vasoconstrictor)

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13
Q

types of dental syringe needles

A
  • 25 gauge
  • 27 gauge
  • 30 gauge
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14
Q

most ideal dental syringe needle size

A

27 gauge

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15
Q

4 most common anesthetic solutions used

A
  • lidocaine 2%
  • articaine 4%
  • bupivacaine
  • mepivacaine 3%
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16
Q

epinephrine concentration of lidocaine 2%

A

1:100,000 epi

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17
Q

(anesthesia) synthesized in liver

A

amide

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18
Q

(anesthesia) synthesized in kidney/blood plasma

A

ester

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19
Q

(anesthesia type) synthesized in both liver and kidney

A

articaine 4%

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20
Q

T or F: articaine 4% is recommended for children

A

F; can cause paresthesia

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21
Q

components of anesthetic cartridge

A
  • anesthetic agent
  • vasoconstrictor
  • distilled water
  • sodium bisulfite
  • sodium chloride
  • methyl paraben*
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22
Q

(cartridge) vasoconstrictor: purpose

A

prolongs the action of LA

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23
Q

(cartridge) distilled water: purpose

A

vehicle

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24
Q

(cartridge) sodium bisulfite: purpose

A

stabilizer

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25
(cartridge) sodium chloride: purpose
- buffer system - makes solution isotonic with body tissues
26
(cartridge) methyl paraben*
removed in newer anesthesia; causes allergic reax.
27
recommended sterile gauze pad
2x2
28
advantage of gauze pad over cotton
- absorbs 10x more than cotton - cotton leaves strands
29
T or F: suturing needles are always put in sterile area
F; unopened = unsterile, opened = sterile
30
2 types of sterile saline solution
- for irrigation - for infusion
31
syringe used for sterile saline solution irrigation
at least 10 ml syringe; 18g needle
32
difference between sterile saline solution for irrigation and infusion
bottle cap
33
recommended concentration for sterile saline solution
0.9 NaCl
34
materials for elevating mucoperiosteum
- molt periosteal elevator #9 - #1 woodson instrument
35
molt periosteal elevator #9: purpose
- used to elevate mucoperiosteum - used for separating gingiva from bone
36
3 parts of dental forceps
- beak - hinge - handle
37
150 forceps
max. anteriors to bicuspids
38
150 A
max. premolars
39
151
mand. anteriors to bicuspids
40
151 A
mand. premolars
41
18 L
max. left molars
42
18 R
max. right molars
43
53 R T/C
max. molars; bend towards posterior
44
88 R / L
max. molars; beak for grasping roots of tooth
45
24
max. teeth (universal)
46
210 S
max. 3rd molars only
47
69
max. root fragment
48
44
mand. ant. root fragment
49
65
max. root fragment; bayonet forceps (curved)
50
16
max. anterior to bicuspids
51
17
max. right molars*
52
other names for elevators
exolevers, luxators
53
diff. between forceps and elevators
minimal damage to alveolar bone vs. forceps
54
3 parts of elevators
- blade - shank - handle
55
3 basic types of elevators
- straight type - triangle or pennant-shape type - pick type
56
proper way of holding elevator
conventional manner
57
luxators vs. elevators
(luxators) thinner than elevators
58
2 types of scalpel blade holder (bard parker holder)
- #3 - #7
59
scalpel blade holder: #3
flat
60
scalpel blade holder: #7
rounded
61
scalpel blade holder: #7A
- angled for posterior area - convenient for removing 3rd molars
62
types of scalpel blades
- #15 - #12 - #11 - #10
63
scalpel blade: #15
for alveolar ridges (mostly used in OS)
64
scalpel blade: #12
- for inaccessible areas (i.e. sulcular incisions, tuberosity) - looks like sickle
65
scalpel blade: #11
for stabbing incision and drainage
66
scalpel blade: #10
for extraoral tissues only (i.e. facial incisions)
67
instruments for retracting soft tissue
- right-angle austin retractor - off-set broad minnesota retractor - senn retractor - seldin retractor - weider retractor
68
senn retractor: purpose
for holding severe gross surgeries
69
weider retractor: purpose
for retracting tongue
70
T or F: mouth mirrors are not used to retract soft tissues in OS
T
71
instruments used in controlling hemorrhage
- hemostat - egg-shaped amalgam burnisher - bone wax
72
hemostat: grooves
single row or parallel
73
egg shaped amalgam burnisher: purpose
for adapting bone wax on bleeding bone
74
bone wax: purpose
to cover bleeding on the bone
75
bone wax: components
- 70% beeswax - isopropyl palmitate - mineral oils
76
4 ways to obtain hemostasis
- assisting natural hemostatic mechanisms - thermal coagulation - suture ligation - placing vasoconstrictive substances
77
normal bleeding time
3-5 or 3-7 mins
78
normal clotting time
8-15 mins
79
time it takes to deposit anesthesia to inflict minimal pain
1 minute
80
possible occurrences if you inject anesthesia too fast
- can affect other branches - diplopia - temporary paresthesia

Oral Surgery (2 decks)

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