General Flashcards
1
Q
garrafeira
A
“private wine cellar” - min aging
-
Tinto
- min 30 mo, 12 mon bottle
-
Branco and Rosado
- min 12 mo, 6 mon bottle
2
Q
Vintage garrafeira
Pioneer
A
Niepoort
- After a few years in barrels, aged min 8 years in glass demijohns
3
Q
Still Portuguese table wines
reserva
A
min. 0.5% higher alcohol than the legal min. est. by respective DOP or IGP
4
Q
Traditional method sparkling wines
reserva
A
min 12 mo lees
5
Q
Colheita Seleccionada
A
1% higher alcohol than est. by the regional appellation
6
Q
Most planted red casta (grape variety) in Portugal
A
-
Aragonez (Tinta Roriz, Tempranillo)
- Highest acreage under vine, 2017
- Followed by Touriga Franca
- Alfrocheiro, Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela), Baga are also widely cultivated
- Until recently, Castelão was most planted
7
Q
Who brought the Castelão grape from Tejo to Terras do Sado (now Península de Sétubal), where they began bottling the grape under the “Periquita” brand?
A
J.M. da Fonseca
- The “Perequita” brand was a great success, leading other producers to adopt the “Perequita” moniker as a synonym for the grape
- A convention J.M. da Fonseca successfully contested in court
8
Q
Portugal’s finest red costa
A
Touriga Nacional
9
Q
Touriga Nacional
% of Portugal’s vineyard acreage
A
10%
- Inky, full-bodied, structured
- Cherished for Port blends
- Low-yielding vines produces extemely small berries, valued for their extraction potential and concentration in red table blends
10
Q
Dão
Most planted red casta
A
Jaen (Mencia)
- Despite originating in the Dão, Touriga Nacional has been supplanted by Jaen
11
Q
Touriga Nacional
Two synonyms
A
- Bical Tinto
- Mortágua Preto
12
Q
Besides Castelão and Touriga Nacional, four other widely cultivated red grape varietals in Portugal
A
- Alfrocheiro
- Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela)
- Baga
- Aragonez (Tinta Roriz, aka Tempranillo in Spain)
13
Q
Portugal
Most planted white casta
A
Fernão Pires
- Known as Maria Gomes in Bairrada
- Early-ripening, aromatic grape found throughout Portugal, but concentrated in Bairrada and the southern plains of Tejo
14
Q
Fernão Pires
Synonym in Bairrada
A
Maria Gomes
- Workhorse, producing fairly simple, honeyed wines that are often prone to oxidation and low acidity
15
Q
Dão
Common white grape for higher quality wines
A
Encruzado - Dão
- Elegant, balanced, floral, citrus; gains complex nutty, resinous aromas with age
- Oak sometimes used in fermentation
16
Q
Arinto
A
Arinto
- 1 of Portugal’s oldest indigenous varietals
- Best from coastal regions, Bucelas in particular
- Lively, mineral-tinged whites grown throughout the country
17
Q
Alentejano
Most important white grape
A
Antão Vaz
- Aromatic, tropical
18
Q
Major region for Alvarinho (Spain’s Albarino)
A
Vinho Verde
19
Q
Varietal also known as Esgana Cao - the “dog strangler”
A
Sercial
- Highly acidic grape prized for dry Madeira
- Often confused with its homophone Cercial, which is used in the Dão, Douro and Bairrada blends, but genetically distinct
20
Q
Portugal
1st demarcated wine region
A
Douro
- One of the 1st appellations recognized in Europe
- UNESCO World Heritage Site
21
Q
Portugal
Largest DOP
A
Vinho Verde DOP“green wine”
- 15% of nation’s total vineyard acreage
- Red, white, rosado
- Assortment of grapes
22
Q
Douro Valley
Subregions
A
- Baixo Corgo
- Cima Corgo
- Douro Superior
24
Q
Best Port vintage of the 1950s
A
1955
25
Q
Pico
A
- DOP for fortified wines from the Azores islands
26
What traditional terms fall under the category of DOP in Portugal?
DOC (Denominação de Origem Controlada)
IPR ( Indicação de Proveniencia Regulamentada)
27
What traditional terms fall under the category of IGP in Portugal?
IG (Indicação Geogràfica)
VR (Vinhos Regional)
28
What is the Treaty of Methuen?
A treaty between England and Portugal in 1703 that established long-lasting trade agreement with preferential tariffs for Portuguese wines.
29
What is the Companhia Geral dos Vinhos do Alto Douro?
Also known as the Douro Wine Company; a government-established group created in the 1750's to regulate the port industry and eliminate fraud.
30
What are Vinhos ao Roda?
Madeiras that made the Transatlantic trip.
31
What are Vinhos Canteiro?
Madeiras matured on the island.
32
What are the aging requirements for Garrafeira?
Tinto: 30mos, including 12 in bottle
Branco/Rosado: 12mos, including 6 in bottle
33
What does vintage Garrafeira port indicate? Who pioneered this style?
At least 8 years aging in demi-johns.
Niepoort.
34
What does reserva indicate for still wines?
+.5% abv than the legal minimum
35
What does reserva indicate for traditional method sparkling wines?
12mos sur lie
36
What does Colheita Seleccionada mean?
+1%abv above the legal minimum
37
What is the most widely grown casta in Portugal?
Castelão
38
What is Portugal's most noble casta?
Touriga Nacional
39
What is the the synonym for Jaen?
Mencia
40
What are the two Portuguese synonyms for Tempranillo?
Tinta Roriz and Aragonez
41
What is Esgana Cão?
A synonym for Sercial
42
What is the most planted white grape in Portugal?
Fernão Pires/Maria Gomez
43
What 2 mountain ranges run through Douro DOP?
Marao
Montemuro
- Act as barriers to the humid Atlantic
44
What are the dominant soil types of Portugal?
Shallow granitic soil
45
What was DOC renamed to retain eligibility for EU protection?
DOP
Denominacao de Origin Protegia
46
Synonym for Sercial:
Esgana Cao (dog strangler)
47
What is Trousseau known as in Portugal?
Bastardo
48
What is the Portuguese term for varietal?
Casta
49
What does "Colheita Seleccionada" mean on a label?
Indiactes 1% higher ABV than established by the Regional appellation
50
What does "Riserva" mean for still/sparkling wines?
Indicates 0.5% higher than legal min for DOP/IGP
- Sparkling: 12 months on the lees
51
Who originally bottled "Perequita" wine?
J.M. da Fonseca
- Castelao
- Other producers started bottling it as a synonym for the grape
52
What is the difference between Cercial and Sercial?
Cercial - used for whites in Dao, Douro, Barraida
Sercial - highly acidic grape prized for dry Madeira
*genetically distinct grapes
53
What is the Portuguese synonym for "fortified"?
Licoroso
54
Name of the Duoro Wine Company today?
the Royal Oporto Wine Company
55
What 2 companies (alongside Port) became the face of Portuguese wines worldwide following WWII?
Mateau
Lancers
- for sweet, semi-sparkling wines
56
What is Aragonez?
Tempranillo
57
What blends do we find at the Bussaco Palace Hotel?
- Baga from Barraida
- Touriga Nacional from Dao
- Encruzado from Dao blended with Bical and Maria Gomes from Barraida for whites
- Aged for years in barrel in palace cellars, sold exclusively on the hotel's wine list
58
Name the 3 tiers of wine quality in Portugal:
DOP - Denominacao de Origem Protegida
IGP - Indicacao Geografica Protegida
Vinho - Table Wine
59
Name the 14 IGP of Portugal:
Minho
Transmontano
Duriense
Terras de DAo
Terras de Cister
Terras da Beira
Beira Atlantico
Tejo
Lisboa
Alentejano
Peninsula de Setubal
Algarve
Terras Madeirense
Acores
60
What does the term "garrefeira" mean on a wine label?
"Private Wine Cellar"
- indicating a min period of aging prior to release
61
What are the aging requirements for Tinto Garrafeira wines?
min 30 months including at least 12 months in bottle
62
What are the aging requirements for Branco and Rosado wines in Portugal?
Min of 12 months with a least 6 months in bottle
63
What's the second most-planted red grape in Portugal?
Aragonez
64
Synonym for Aragonez?
Tinta Roriz
65
Synonym for Trincadeira:
Tinta Amarela
66
Synonym for Bastardo:
Graciosa
Trousseau
67
Synonym for Malvasia Fina:
Boal
68
Synonym for Malvasia Candida:
Malvasia di Lipari
69
Synonym for Moscatel Gravdo:
Moscatel de Setubal
70
Synonym for Sercial?
Esgana-Cao
71
What does "garrafeira" mean on a PORT wine label? Who pioneered it?
Following a few years in barrel, it's aged for a min of 8 years in glass demi-johns
- Niepoort
72
What is the min % grapes grown in a stated region for Portuguese wine?
85%
73
What is the most-planted white grape in Portugal?
Fernao Pires
74
Synonym for Fernao Pires?
Maria Gomes in Barraida
75
What 1703 Treaty between England and Portugal led to a Pacific rise in exports of Portuguese wines to England?
Treaty of Methuen
