General

Question 1

What is a plant?

Answer 1

embryophytes, photosynthetic organisms, part of Plantae kingdom

Question 2

Embryophyte

Answer 2

multi-cellular land plants, due to evolution of the embryo, contains a zygote that is retained and nourished by the female gametophyte as it grows

Question 3

Photosynthetic

Answer 3

uses light energy, absorbed by chlorophyll to assist respiration and produce ATP

Question 4

3 ways plants communicate

Answer 4

Chemical cues, mycorrhizal networks, electron signalling

Question 5

Types of chemical cues

Answer 5

pathogen attack, producing chemicals to deter other plants growth and herbivores

Question 6

What are mycorrhizal networks?

Answer 6

underground fungi that grow in association with roots, forming symbiotic or pathogenic relationships

Question 7

How are we dependent on plants?

Answer 7

plants provide food, oxygen and nutrients for many organisms, supports animal diversity

we use plants for many products, coffee, alcohol, building material, medicine, clothing

Question 8

What is the water cycle?

Question 9

What is the carbon cycle?

Question 10

4 types of plants

Answer 10

Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

Question 11

How are plants different to animals?

Answer 11

• alternation of generations
• can not move
• photosynthesis
• cell wall
• many reproduce asexually

Question 12

Photosynthesis: light dependent phase

Answer 12

1. light energy splits H20
2. H+ goes through electron transport chain to produce ATP
3. H+ joins with NADP+ to form NADPH

occurs in the thylakoid

Question 13

Photosynthesis: Light independent phase

Answer 13

Calvin cycle
CO2 is converted to glucose using energy and electrons from light dependent phase

occurs in stroma

Question 14

What is alternation of generations?

Answer 14

all plants having 2 generations, gametophytes (n) and sporophytes (2n)

Question 15

Gametophyte

Answer 15

Produces gametes through mitosis, haploid (n)

Question 16

Sporophyte

Answer 16

Produces spores through meiosis, haploid (n)

Question 17

Mitosis

Answer 17

duplication, 2n -> 2n + 2n

Question 18

meiosis

Answer 18

reproduction, 2n -> n + n + n + n

Question 19

Divaricating shrubs

Answer 19

branching pattern, tangled and hard to eat
protection against herbivores and found in colder climates

Question 20

Chloroplasts

Answer 20

organelles that capture light for photosynthesis
contain chlorophyll, a pigment that only reflects green light, while red and blue light are absorbed for energy