General

Question 1

Inspection

Answer 1

Info gathered from observation-vision, hearing smell

Question 2

Palpation

Answer 2

systematic sweeping motions of the skin, palpation, temperature

Question 3

Percussion

Answer 3

Tapping to determine density of underlying anatomy

Question 4

Auscultation

Answer 4

listening to bodily functions with stethoscope, never listen over clothing, heart sounds/breath sounds

Question 5

Its important to keep your patient ….

Answer 5

Informed and explain steps, talk before touch

Question 6

General Survey (6 things)

Answer 6

Overall state of health, height (posture/build), dress/hygiene, facial expressions, body language, speaking, awareness

Question 7

Height and weight

Answer 7

Measure height without shoes, obtain weight with less clothing

Question 8

Don’t weight children if they have a

Answer 8

wet/dirty diaper, creates extra weight

Question 9

Normal temp?

Answer 9

98.6

Question 10

Fever?

Answer 10

> 100.4

Question 11

Measurement of temp? (4)

Answer 11

• Rectal: higher than oral
• Oral: affected by beverages and respiratory rate
• Axillary: lower than
• Infrared: tympanic membrane (close to core temp) or temporal (affected by skin and vascular changes)

Question 12

How to take radial pulse

Answer 12

Count 15 secondsx4 or 60 seconds, if any irregularity count 60 seconds, note quality of pulse (strength, irregularities)

Question 13

Types of pulse (3)

Answer 13

Radial, brachial (better with kids), apical (if peripheral pulse is hard to obtain)

Question 14

Normal pulse

Answer 14

60-100 per min

Question 15

Tachycardia

Answer 15

> 100 bpm

Question 16

Bradycardia

Answer 16

<60 bpm

Question 17

How to record respiration

Answer 17

Keep fingers on radial pulse but watch chest rise and fall, count 15-30 seconds

Note effort on exertion, inhalation

Question 18

Normal respiration

Answer 18

14-20 /minutes

Question 19

Tachypnea

Answer 19

> 20

Question 20

Bradypnea

Answer 20

<14, slow

Question 21

How to measure BP

Answer 21

Sphygmomanometer, mmHG

Question 22

Systolic

Answer 22

peak pressure

Question 23

Diastolic

Answer 23

Trough pressure

Question 24

Difference between SBP and DBP

Answer 24

Pulse pressure

Question 25

BP cuff size

Answer 25

for accurate measurement, large vs pediatric, do not take BP over clothing

Question 26

Patient position for BP measurement

Answer 26

sit for 5 minutes feet on ground, no caffeine, smoking, or exercise for 30 minutes, calm room,arm should be relaxed and slightly flexed at elbow but support arm while taking pressure, brachial artery at level of heart

Question 27

Bladder cuff should be positioned?

Answer 27

2cm above antecubital crease

Question 28

BP technique

Answer 28

Bell/diaphragm over brachial artery and listen for Korotkoff sounds - First two beats=systolic - Disappear- diastolic

Question 29

Consider this is you get an abnormal BP reading

Answer 29

-Size of cuff, clothing, compare with other arm, wait 15-30 min to recheck, have someone else compare readings

Question 30

Orthostatic BP

Answer 30

Patient supine for 5 min before initial readings -Check supine, sitting, and standing : within three minutes of position change

Question 31

Abnormal Orthostatic reading

Answer 31

>20 mmHG drop in SBP or >10 mmHG drop in DPP or increase of >20mmHG SBP