HENT Flashcards
(68 cards)
1
Q
Visual Acuity
A
CN11
2
Q
Hearing
A
CNVIII
3
Q
EOMs
A
CN III, IV, VI
4
Q
Facial expression
A
CN VII
5
Q
Mastication
A
CN V
6
Q
Soft touch face
A
CN V
7
Q
Soft plate
A
CN IX, X
8
Q
Movement of tongue
A
CN XII
9
Q
Head and movement
A
CN XI
10
Q
Alopecia Areata
A
autoimmune, hair loss
11
Q
Androgenic alopecia
A
Receding, thinning hair
12
Q
Inspect hair for
A
Lice, nits, hair loss, seborrheic dermatitis
13
Q
Face inspection
A
Asymmetry, lesions, rashes, swelling
14
Q
Facies
A
Cushings syndrome
15
Q
Acromegaly
A
large bones, elongated, prominant, growth hormone
16
Q
Myedema
A
periorbital edema, hair is thin,severe hypothyroidism
17
Q
Nephrotic syndrome
A
edematous, slitlike eyes, swelling around eyes
18
Q
Cushing
A
moon facies, red cheeks
19
Q
Parotid gland
A
swelling around parotid gland, anterior lobes, above angles of jaw,
20
Q
Parkinsons
A
decreased facial movement, drooling, masklike,
21
Q
Palpation of Face
A
tenderness, palpate sinuses
22
Q
TMJ palpation
A
listen for clicks and check ROM, open close, side to side, chench teeth CNV
23
Q
CV V sensory test
A
touch 3 areas (opthalmic, maxillary, mandibular), touch all 3 areas using cotton tip
24
Q
Facial CN VII
A
Raise eyebrows
Squint, smile, frown, puff out cheek
25
Bells Palsy
7th nerve, droop, flattened nasolabial fold,
-tape eye shut while sleeping to prevent corneal abrasion
idiopathic
-dx between stroke, ask if forehead wrinkle remains
26
Assessing Temporal Artery
palpate
assess bruis
27
Giant cell arteritis
PMR, elevated ESR
Jaw claudication, HA
adults >50
-increase risk of stroke and blindness with increase of PMR
28
Eye anatomy
Pupil, medial canthus, limbus, lateral canthus
Lacrimal apparatus: sac, gland, puncta, nasolacrimal duct
29
Eyelid anatomy
Tarsal plates, Meibomian glands (sebaceous)
Bulbar conjunctiva: covers anterior eyeball
Palpebral conjunctiva: covers inner eyelides
30
Snellen Chart
test central vision at 20 feet
myopia
31
Rosembaum
14 inches
presbyopia (impaired near vision)
32
Lacrimal apparatus
look for excess tearing/dryness
33
Bulbar conjunctiva
injection, icterus
34
Palpebral conjunctiva
pallor
35
Pupils
look for equality and pupillary reaction
near far accomodation
-convergence: both eyes moving at same time
36
Pupils PERRL
Equal round reactive to light
37
Miosis
excessive constriction
38
Mydriasis
excessive dilation
39
Anisocoria
pupils unequal size
40
Direct pupillary reflex
pupil constricts on same side as light
41
Consensual pupillary light reflex
constriction in opposite eye
42
Near-far accommodation
Patient focuses on object 10 cm away then focus on object 6 feet away
watch for pupilary constriction with near effort, dilation with distance
Narrows with near
Dilates with distance
43
Extraocular Muscles (EOMI) H pattern
Draw H pattern,
just move eyes
watch for nystagmus>> seen in neuro conditions
-convergence with near vision after H pattern
44
Extraocular Movements
Lateral Rectus: CNVI
Superior Oblique CNIV
Others CNIII
45
Corneal Light Reflex
Shine light into patients eyes, tests for conjugate gage
46
Eyelid examination
edema, lesions, width of palpebral fissures
- Ptosis seen with CNIII (drooping eyelid)
- Incomplete closure with CNVII
47
Chalazion
Nontender blocked gland points inside eyelid
48
Hordeolum (Stye)
Tender, red infection, margin of eyelid
Staph aureus
Inner eyelid:Obstructed Meibomian gland
Outer lid: obstructed eyelash follicle or tear gland
49
Dacryocystitis (Lacrimal Sac Inflammation)
Nasolacrimal sac, secondary block of nasolacrimal duct
swelling between base of nose and eye
50
Causes of periorbital edema
Contact dermatitis
Allergic reaction
Cellulitis
Trauma
51
Entropion
Inward lid
irritation of conjunctiva, cornea
elderly
52
Ectropion
outward turning
elderly
tearing excess
53
Pingueculum
Yellow triangular growth, harmless, vision WNL
54
Pterygium
Interfere with vision
pterygium wing across eye
slowly across cornea
55
Scleral Icterus
Yellow discoloration of sclera, elevated bilirubin
Jaundiced skin
56
Xanthelasma
raised, yellow, well-circumscribed cholesterol filled plaques around eyelids
HLD
57
Conjuctivitis
Viral vs bacterial
Allergic vs irritant
58
Exopthalmos
abnormal protrusion of eyeball, lid retraction,
Graves disease (thyroid)
Thyroid dysfunction (hypothyroidism) is 1/3 lateral third of eyebrow
59
Episcleritis
Self limiting
benign
localized ocular inflammation of episceleral
vessels
autoimmune
60
Subconjuctival Hemorrhage
hx of cough, sneeze
self limiting,
asymptomatic
goes away
61
Hyphema
secondary trauma
vision threatening
alot more blood
anterior chamber blood
62
Corneal Abrasion
foreign body, photophobia, increase lacrimation, contacts
scratch on eye
63
Corneal Chemical Burn
hx of liquid of gas
immediate prolonged irrigation
64
Eye puncture
puncture wound with hemorrhage and asymmetric, non reactive dilated pupil
65
Cataract
older age
RF: corticosteroid use, ETOH, smoking, DM
clouding of lens
causes painless progressive of vision loss
66
Cobalt filter
fluorescein staining to visualize lesions
67
Tips for opthalmic exam
Darken room
use small or large round beam of light on scope
Disc to 0 diopters, ask patient to look over shoulder at fixed point
Follow blood, vessels centrally to find optic disc, adjust diopter dial to adjust focus
Cup to disc ratio 1:2
Veins are larger and darker than arteries
68
Hand positioning
R hand, R eye Pt R eye
