General Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
(37 cards)
Define: Tissue, Organs and systems
Tissue - A group of cells that work as a unit to carry of a particular function
Organs –collection of tissue that’s specialist to carry out a particular function E.g., Heart
Systems – organs that have related functions E.g., Digestive sys
What valve is connected between the right atrium and right ventricle ?
Tricuspid valve
What valve is between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
Pulmonary valve
What valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle
Mitral valve
Where does blood from the pulmonary artery travel to ?
The Lungs to become oxygenated
What does the Pulmonary vein do ?
Transports oxygenated blood to the left atrium
4 Types of pulses and there locations
Carotid pulse = Side of neck
Radial pulse = Inner wrist
Brachial pulse = inner elbow
Femoral pulse = inner thigh
What is an Erythrocyte ? 3 features
- RBC
- no nucleus,
- Biconcave
- Produced via red bone marrow
What is a Leucocytes ? 3 features
- WBC
- Helps the immune system,
- found in lymph nodes and bone marrow
- Travels via capillaries to affected tissues
What are platelets ? 3 features
- made up of Thrombocytes
- no nucleus
- found in bone marrow
what is the Plasma and what does it contain?
- Fluid that carries blood cells
- Contains 90% H2O
- Contains plasma proteins
What is heart failure ? and name some examples?
Is a result of inadequate pumping of blood around the body
- Myocardial infraction
- Myocarditis
- Valvular disease
What does partial blockage in a coronary artery cause ? and why ?
- Angina
- Reduced blood flow causes myocardial ischaemia
What is renal failure? and how is it related to myocardial ischaemia
The inability to remove sufficient fluid during urination resulting in fluid retention (oedema) = increased BP and over along period of time the strain on the body cause myocardial ischaemia
What is a Thrombus made up of? and what health issues can it cause ?
- Plaque, fatty cholesterol and platelets
- Angina, Myocardial infraction, stroke and pulmonary embolism
what is the percentage of oxygen and Carbon that is present in expired air?
O2 - 16% and CO2 - 4%
What part of the body prevents food and water from passing into the lungs by closing the trachea?
Epiglottis
What is the name for the hair light structures used to remove foreign particles out of the body ?
Cilia
What is the sequence for the digestive system?
Mastication, Pharynx (deglutition), Oesophagus (Peristalsis down the throat to stomach) to small intestine, large intestine then excreted
What does the small intestine do ?
Completes digestion and absorbs nutrients
What are some of the features and functions of the liver
- Produces and stores bile
- Produces plasma proteins for the blood
- Stores and distributes iron
- Stores vitamin
- Detoxification of drugs and alcohol
What is the function of the pancreas ?
Breaks down: Proteins, Carbs, Fats
and
Releases insulin + glycogen
Where can you find proteins, Carbohydrates, Fats and minerals
- Proteins: Meat /fish (cell growth/repair)
- Carbohydrates: Starchy foods/sugars from fruit (cell energy production)
- Fats: Meat/Milk/Cheese/nuts and seeds
- Minerals: Calcium/Phosphate/fluoride/sodium/ iron
what is the CNS and what is it made up of?
Central nervous system made up of the spinal cord and brain
