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Fungi > General Characteristics > Flashcards

General Characteristics Flashcards

1
Q

These are single vegetative cells that has a smooth, creamy, and bacteria-like colony.

A

Yeast

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2
Q

What is the mode of reproduction for yeast?

A

Budding

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3
Q

These are multicellular vegetative cell that has a fuzzy or wholly appearance.

A

Molds

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4
Q

What causes the appearance of molds?

A

Mycelia

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5
Q

Identify the part of hyphae:

Extends beyond the surface.

A

Aerial mycelia

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6
Q

These are long strands of tube-like structures that composes the mycelium (mycelia).

A

Hyphae

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7
Q

Identify the part of hyphae:

Extend downward.

A

Vegetative mycelia

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8
Q

Identify the part of hyphae:

Support reproductive structures that produces conidia.

A

Aerial mycelia

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9
Q

Identify the part of hyphae:

Absorb water and nutrients.

A

Vegetative mycelia

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10
Q

What type of hyphae has frequent cross walls?

A

Septate hyphae

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11
Q

What type of hyphae has few cross walls with irregular intervals?

A

Sparsely septate hyphae

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12
Q

What do you call the absence of septations?

A

Aseptate (actually: sparsely septate)

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13
Q

Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:

Swollen, branching tips (“moose antlers”)

A

Antler hyphae

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14
Q

Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:

Enlarged, club-shaped areas

A

Racquet hyphae

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15
Q

Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:

Tight-coils

A

Spiral hyphae

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16
Q

Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:

Comb-like

A

Pectinate bodies

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17
Q

Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:

Root-like

A

Rhizoids

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18
Q

Identify the identification for pigmentation:

Nonpigmented or lightly pigmented

A

Hyaline hyphae (monoliaceous)

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19
Q

Identify the identification for pigmentation:

Darkly pigmented

A

Phaeoid hyphae (dematiaceous)

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20
Q

What contributes to the pigment of hyphae?

A

Melanin

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21
Q

What stain makes all fungal elements appear black?

A

Gomori methylene stain

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22
Q

What stain specifically stains melanin?

A

Fontana-Masson stain

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23
Q

When staining with Fontana-Masson stain, what color will be produced if there is a phaeoid hyphae?

A

Brown

24
Q

When staining with Fontana-Masson stain, what color will be produced if there is a hyaline hyphae?

A

Pink to red

25
Q

Enumerate two identification markers that uses pigmentation as a characteristic.

A
  1. Hyaline hyphae
  2. Phaeoid hyphae
26
Q

What refers to the ability of fungi to exist in two forms, dependent on growth condition?

A

Dimorphism

27
Q

What dimorphic state is seen in vivo in growth conditions at 37℃ with ↑concentration of CO2?

A

Yeast (tissue) phase

28
Q

What dimorphic state is in growth conditions at room temp. (22-25℃) with ambient air?

A

Mold phase

29
Q

What refers to the ability of fungi to exist in yeast and mold form in same culture?

A

Polymorphism

30
Q

What type of reproduction results in the formation of conidia following mitosis?

A

Asexual reproduction

30
Q

What type of reproduction results in the formation of conidia following mitosis?

A

Asexual reproduction

31
Q

What type of reproduction requires the joining of 2 compatible nuclei, followed by meiosis?

A

Sexual reproduction

32
Q

What contains all the genetic material necessary to create a new fungal colony?

A

Conidia

33
Q

What are the specialized fruiting structures that carry out asexual reproduction?

A

Conidiogenous cells

34
Q

Identify the conidiogenous cell:

Vase-like structures

A

Phialides

35
Q

Identify the conidiogenous cell:

Ringed structures

A

Annelides

36
Q

What conidia results from the fragmentation of fertile hyphae?

A

Arthroconidia

37
Q

What do you call a fungus that reproduces sexually?

A

Teleomorph

38
Q

Enumerate 2 results of conidia formation.

A
  1. Macroconidia (large, multi-celled)
  2. Microconidia (small, single-celled)
39
Q

What do you call the asexual form of a teleomorph?

A

anamorph

40
Q

What do you call the asexual strains (>1 anamorph in 1 teleomorph) present in the same teleomorph?

A

Synanamorph

41
Q

Identify the specialized sexual spores:

  • sac fungi
  • Contained in sac-like ascus.
A

Ascospore

42
Q

Identify the specialized sexual spores:

  • conjugation fungi
  • large spore with thick wall
  • fusion of two identical cells
A

Zygospore

43
Q

Identify the specialized sexual spores:

  • club fungi
  • spores produced in a basidium
A

Basidiospore

44
Q

What is the point of attachment in a basidiospore?

A

Sterigma

45
Q

What is the point of attachment in a basidiospore?

A

Sterigma

46
Q

Identify the fungi group:

“Zygomycota” or “Glomerulomycota”

A

Mucorales

47
Q

Identify the fungi group:

morphology: gray-white aerial mycelium with hyaline, sparsely septate hyphae

A

Mucorales

48
Q

Identify the fungi group:

  • 50% of all named fungi
A

Ascomycota

49
Q

Identify the fungi group:

reproduction: sexual; production of
ascospored within ascus

A

Ascomycota

50
Q

Identify the fungi group:

reproduction: asexual; produces
sporangiospores

A

Mucorales

51
Q

Identify the fungi group:

presence of clamp connection

A

Basidiomycota

52
Q

Identify the fungi group:

contains largest number of clinically
significant agents of mycoses

A

Fungi Imperfecti

53
Q

Identify the fungi group:

  • no mode of reproduction
A

Fungi Imperfecti

54
Q

What are the asexual spores produced from sporangium?

A

sporangiospores

Fungi (7 decks)

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