General Characteristics

Question 1

These are single vegetative cells that has a smooth, creamy, and bacteria-like colony.

Answer 1

Yeast

Question 2

What is the mode of reproduction for yeast?

Answer 2

Budding

Question 3

These are multicellular vegetative cell that has a fuzzy or wholly appearance.

Answer 3

Molds

Question 4

What causes the appearance of molds?

Answer 4

Mycelia

Question 5

Identify the part of hyphae:

Extends beyond the surface.

Answer 5

Aerial mycelia

Question 6

These are long strands of tube-like structures that composes the mycelium (mycelia).

Answer 6

Hyphae

Question 7

Identify the part of hyphae:

Extend downward.

Answer 7

Vegetative mycelia

Question 8

Identify the part of hyphae:

Support reproductive structures that produces conidia.

Answer 8

Aerial mycelia

Question 9

Identify the part of hyphae:

Absorb water and nutrients.

Answer 9

Vegetative mycelia

Question 10

What type of hyphae has frequent cross walls?

Answer 10

Septate hyphae

Question 11

What type of hyphae has few cross walls with irregular intervals?

Answer 11

Sparsely septate hyphae

Question 12

What do you call the absence of septations?

Answer 12

Aseptate (actually: sparsely septate)

Question 13

Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:

Swollen, branching tips (“moose antlers”)

Answer 13

Antler hyphae

Question 14

Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:

Enlarged, club-shaped areas

Answer 14

Racquet hyphae

Question 15

Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:

Tight-coils

Answer 15

Spiral hyphae

Question 16

Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:

Comb-like

Answer 16

Pectinate bodies

Question 17

Identify the microscopic appearances found in molds:

Root-like

Answer 17

Rhizoids

Question 18

Identify the identification for pigmentation:

Nonpigmented or lightly pigmented

Answer 18

Hyaline hyphae (monoliaceous)

Question 19

Identify the identification for pigmentation:

Darkly pigmented

Answer 19

Phaeoid hyphae (dematiaceous)

Question 20

What contributes to the pigment of hyphae?

Answer 20

Melanin

Question 21

What stain makes all fungal elements appear black?

Answer 21

Gomori methylene stain

Question 22

What stain specifically stains melanin?

Answer 22

Fontana-Masson stain

Question 23

When staining with Fontana-Masson stain, what color will be produced if there is a phaeoid hyphae?

Answer 23

Brown

Question 24

When staining with Fontana-Masson stain, what color will be produced if there is a hyaline hyphae?

Answer 24

Pink to red

Question 25

Enumerate two identification markers that uses pigmentation as a characteristic.

Answer 25

1. Hyaline hyphae 2. Phaeoid hyphae

Question 26

What refers to the ability of fungi to exist in two forms, dependent on growth condition?

Answer 26

Dimorphism

Question 27

What dimorphic state is seen in vivo in growth conditions at 37℃ with ↑concentration of CO2?

Answer 27

Yeast (tissue) phase

Question 28

What dimorphic state is in growth conditions at room temp. (22-25℃) with ambient air?

Answer 28

Mold phase

Question 29

What refers to the ability of fungi to exist in yeast and mold form in same culture?

Answer 29

Polymorphism

Question 30

What type of reproduction results in the formation of conidia following mitosis?

Answer 30

Asexual reproduction

Question 30

What type of reproduction results in the formation of conidia following mitosis?

Answer 30

Asexual reproduction

Question 31

What type of reproduction requires the joining of 2 compatible nuclei, followed by meiosis?

Answer 31

Sexual reproduction

Question 32

What contains all the genetic material necessary to create a new fungal colony?

Answer 32

Conidia

Question 33

What are the specialized fruiting structures that carry out asexual reproduction?

Answer 33

Conidiogenous cells

Question 34

Identify the conidiogenous cell: Vase-like structures

Answer 34

Phialides

Question 35

Identify the conidiogenous cell: Ringed structures

Answer 35

Annelides

Question 36

What conidia results from the fragmentation of fertile hyphae?

Answer 36

Arthroconidia

Question 37

What do you call a fungus that reproduces sexually?

Answer 37

Teleomorph

Question 38

Enumerate 2 results of conidia formation.

Answer 38

1. Macroconidia (large, multi-celled) 2. Microconidia (small, single-celled)

Question 39

What do you call the asexual form of a teleomorph?

Answer 39

anamorph

Question 40

What do you call the asexual strains (>1 anamorph in 1 teleomorph) present in the same teleomorph?

Answer 40

Synanamorph

Question 41

Identify the specialized sexual spores: - sac fungi - Contained in sac-like ascus.

Answer 41

Ascospore

Question 42

Identify the specialized sexual spores: - conjugation fungi - large spore with thick wall - fusion of two identical cells

Answer 42

Zygospore

Question 43

Identify the specialized sexual spores: - club fungi - spores produced in a basidium

Answer 43

Basidiospore

Question 44

What is the point of attachment in a basidiospore?

Answer 44

Sterigma

Question 45

What is the point of attachment in a basidiospore?

Answer 45

Sterigma

Question 46

Identify the fungi group: "Zygomycota" or "Glomerulomycota"

Answer 46

Mucorales

Question 47

Identify the fungi group: morphology: gray-white aerial mycelium with hyaline, sparsely septate hyphae

Answer 47

Mucorales

Question 48

Identify the fungi group: - 50% of all named fungi

Answer 48

Ascomycota

Question 49

Identify the fungi group: reproduction: sexual; production of ascospored within ascus

Answer 49

Ascomycota

Question 50

Identify the fungi group: reproduction: asexual; produces sporangiospores

Answer 50

Mucorales

Question 51

Identify the fungi group: presence of clamp connection

Answer 51

Basidiomycota

Question 52

Identify the fungi group: contains largest number of clinically significant agents of mycoses

Answer 52

Fungi Imperfecti

Question 53

Identify the fungi group: - no mode of reproduction

Answer 53

Fungi Imperfecti

Question 54

What are the asexual spores produced from sporangium?

Answer 54

sporangiospores